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LIBRARY OF 


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vo. L490 | 


hi iia 


Lc? 


The person charging this material is re- 
sponsible for its return to the library from 
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To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 


UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 


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fea (ft 
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wo. L490 | 


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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 


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Serra: 
OQ? 


RANGES THe 


BURTON 
BEIDEBER 
COIOISS AND 
sed aed PHILLIPS 
COMPANY 
KITCHEN 
UTENSILS COAL 
HOUSEHOLD SPECIALTIES COKE 


The J M & L A OSBORN CO 


FUEL FOR ALL 
PURPOSES 


ON THE VIADUCT 


Sol Smith Russell 
TH Be BeAGVE-O) eS 


Sc. CIGAR 


Visit A 
The Sheriff Street 
Market 


= = BSS SSS SSS 
THE WENHAM CIGAR CO 
AGENTS 
| 138 SHERIFF ST CLEVELAND O 


A COMIC HISTORY 
Oy CLEVELAND 


—1796--1901 


In miles of pleasant homes thy people dwell, 
A thousand ships within thy harbor lie at ease, 
Ten thousand chimneys high thy prowess tell— 
O fairest mart upon the land-locked seas ! 


Thy matchless steel 1s known both near and. far, ; 
Thy parks are filled with nature's rarest VIEWS, 

Thy telescopes disclose each distant star, 
Thy chewing gum a million chewers choose. 


In mighty floods thy famous oil doth flow, 

In beauty’s court thy daughters have no peers, 
Thy loyal sons are famed where er they go— 

Then list the tale of Clevelana’s garnered years ! 


Perio. BY. PHE CASE-RES EB Raves 
Saeed. POS PEEATL..CO M Mirage 


PRINTED BY a 
THE CLARK PRINTING Co. 


HE cave of laughter is hard by the font of tears. 
Mirth and sympathy go hand in hand. Eng- 
land’s greatest humorist wrote ‘‘ The Bridge of Sighs.’’ 
This comic history of Cleveland is called into ex- 
istence to secure the funds necessary to endow a bed 
in Lakeside Hospital for the use of students of Western 
Reserve University and Case School of Applied Science. 
It is a project that meets with the approval of the col- 
lege officials and others most nearly interested, who 
recognize the necessity and humanity of the object and 
give it their cordial endorsement. 
To those whose hearts are quickened by sympathy for 
the unfortunate, and whose generous impulses lead them 
to aid in establishing this perpetual bed of mercy, the 


present volume is 


DEDICATED 


PRESIDENT'S OFFICE 


CLEVELAND, O 


MERELY sNdch OD 0 Gin Rox 


ERODOTUS, a Grecian man of letters, whose decease un- 

H doubtedly brought sorrow to many creditors, is sometimes 

called the father of history and sometimes the father of lies. 

In this he must not be confounded with Apollo, who was merely 
the god of lyres. 

Some histories are written in blood; some in mud. It cannot 
be said that this history is written in ether, although its effects may 
be equally stupefying. 

In the course of several commencement orations it has been 
remarked that history holds the mirror before the pageant of 
events. Even if this isn’t true, it sounds good. At the same time, 
let us beware lest the mirror be cracked. Which leads us to look 
with distrust upon the nickel-a-week histories that are cracked 
up so high. 

Nevertheless, in the present case the mirror comparison is one 
worthy of more-or-less serious reflection. Behold a glass, there- 
fore, wherein is reflected many shapes, some shadowy, some gro- 
tesque, together with a train of entertaining events that, like a 
shining cord, twisting in and out, binds together the hundred-and- 


five years of Cleveland’s splendid progress. 


CHAP le RM: 


1796 


THE LANDING. 


Afar across the tide they sailed 
To reach that favored spot, 
And each was making history— 
Yet truly knew tt not. 
—From Ballads of the Towpath. 


,N the twenty-second of July, in the year 
} of grace 1796, a solitary boat might 
have been seen by the chance observer 
slowly holding its course westward along 
the southern shore of Lake Erie. It 
was a warm day, and the arms of the 
stalwart oarsmen, who had been hug- 
ging the shore since daybreak, were 
weary. Besides, they were still convalescing from a stren- 
uous observance of the Fourth of July at Erie. 
Amidships in the clumsy craft appeared the comman- 
der’s imposing figure. Of goodly height and generous 


proportions, his military bearing and his resolute face indi- 


cated the born leader. His stern eye carefully scanned the 


UNIVERSITY OF 
Hinge 


LIDRAR? 


\ 


shore, while his bow eye was fixed on 
the heaving waters ahead. 

“What place is that?”’ he presently 
asked. 

“That’s Painesville,” replied the watch, from Water- 
bury. “They’ve got a seminary for girls there. I’m told 
it’s named after Lake Erie.” 

“It’s rough on the lake,’ 
boat gave a sudden roll. , 

The breeze had freshened a little and the broad bow of 


the craft met the wavelets with a friendly splash and num- 


’ 


said the commander as the 


erous pleasant gurgles. 

“Do you see that place a little further along?” enquired 
the watch. 

“‘T don’t see anything worth mentioning,” responded the 
commander. 

“"That’s Willoughby,” said the watch. 

Late in the afternoon General Cleaveland, for it was 
indeed he, seized the tiller and hastily headed the craft 
towards the mouth of a shallow stream that found its way 
to the lake through a wide rift in the high bank, 

‘Goin’ to land?” quoth Josh Stow. 

“That’s what I’m heading for,” replied the General 
with a grim smile. | 

“Tt looks like a rum place,” said boatswain Joseph 
Tinker, who was standing upon the bow to get a better 
look at the channel. As he uttered the magic word so dear 
to all good sons of Connecticut, the excited oarsmen took 
an extra pull. 

Still closer to shore stood the 
boat—-a marked peculiarity of all § ae 
craft approaching land—and a mo- ‘Aa 


ment later it lingered lovingly on the 


bar.* Then she drifted forward into the stream. ’Gustus 
Porter stood at the rail ready to throw a line to shore. 

“‘ Heave to!” yelled the General. 

“Won't one be enough?” asked ’Gustus. , 

“‘ Haul in your sheets!” shouted Moses. ‘ We may 
have to sleep on land tonight.” 

The General jammed the tiller hard a port and the 
boat’s nose poked viciously into the left hand bank.+ A 
moment later they were all ashore, the boat was secured by 
the painter, and the party clambered up the Indian trail 
which led to the bluff just south of the brewery on the St. 
Clair-st hill. When they 
reached the plateau the lit- 
tle party paused and looked 
about with pleasure. They 
glanced at the glowing sky, 
at the whispering forest, and 
at the dimpling lake. 


“It’s a fine site,” mur- 
mered astronomer Seth 
Pease, “and I’d like to have the city which is sure to rise 
here, named Peaseville.”’ 


“‘ Peace, villian!” cried the General. ‘‘ This metropolis 
is to be known as Cleaveland with an A, and don’t you 
forget it!”’ 

And thus was Cleveland formally christened. 

At that eventful moment a band of Seneca Indians from 
Seneca street, came whooping across the plateau and lined 
up before the newcomers. Their chief, wearing a bead 
neckless and a happy smile, stepped forward and gravely 
saluted the General. 


* ‘See History of Cuyahoga Bench and Bar,” by J. H. Kennedy. 
+ From ‘‘ Karly Panks and Banking,” by Thomas W. Hill. 


“‘ Ugh!” he grunted, “‘is this General Moses Cleaveland ?”’ 
“Tt is him,” replied the General affably.* | 
The red man turned to his anxious followers. 

“ Brothers,” he said, ‘“‘ we’re foundered!” And then to 
the amazement and momentary terror of the surveying 
party the coppery aboriginies advanced with waving hatch- 
ets and gave their tribal yell. 


“Orang-o-tang, orang-o-tang, orang-o-tang-a-bang ! 
Knap-sack-a-tick-tack, smoke-stack, hatrack, 
Race-track-a-switchback, slap-jack, crack ! 

Hunk o’ mud! 

Bowl o’ blood! 

Rah! Rah! 


SENECA !”’ 


“Great nation,’ mur- 
mered Moses, “but that 
was a close call!” 

When the echoes died 
away and the dust settled 
the General mounted a 
stump. ‘Turning towards 
the Indians, he said: 

“ Children of the dusky 
forest, my red _ brothers, 
it is a great day for all of 
us, and I am glad to hear 
you whoop it up. We 
have just laid here on these historic banks the egg of future 
municipal greatness. You may not appreciate the fact, but 
you have witnessed an event, my coppery friends, that un- 
born generations, including Mark Hanna and Tom John- 
son, as well as numerous others, will look back to with 


*Consult ‘‘ Verbal Eccentricities of the Pioneers,’’ by Prof. Charles F. Olney. 


reverence and even awe. I say to you, great chief, and to 
your young men, enjoy yourselves! We are going to let 
you loaf around here until we 
get things started, and then 
you will have to go west. In 
the meantime, great Yellow 
Dog, we have brought with 
us a choice lot of up-to-date 
junk to trade with you.* And 


let me say right here that all 
trading must be done on the Square—as soon as we get it 
laid out. Now, my red friends, I want to thank you for 
this original, I should say aboriginal, demonstration, and to 
assure you of the implicit confidence we repose in your 
integrity. Good night.”’ 

As the General stepped from the stump he turned to 
Joseph Tinker. | 

“‘ Joseph,” he asked, “did you lock up the oars?”’ 

‘The oar-locks are broken,” replied Tinker. 

“Well,” said the General reflectively, ‘maybe you can 
borrow a scalp-lock from one of these cigar signs,” and he 
waved his hand gracefully towards the dusky warriors. 

The members of the Cleaveland party stretched their 
cramped limbs and inhaled huge draughts of the pure air. 
A gentle breeze from the west whirled little eddies of tem- 
pered atmosphere across the plateau. The nutmeg Argo- 
nauts were tired and hungry, 
and most of them were thirsty. 
‘The goal they had sought so 
far and so long was at hand, 


and a feeling of relief filled 


. ST 


*See ‘‘ Atrocities of the Early Settlers,’’ by 
Prof. Iremuel S. Potwin, D. D. 


their hearts as they busied themselves with the preparations 
for the night. 

“A ha’penny for your thoughts, George?” said Shad- 
rach Benham to George Proudfoot, who stood a little apart 
gazing with a rapt look across the level field. 

George turned at the greeting. 

“T was juist thinkin’,” he replied in his broad Scotch 
dialect, “what a bonnie golf leenks the laddies could lay 
oot hereaboots!”’ 

A little later on when the shadows lengthened and the sun 
dipped his fiery disc into the heaving lake, the General, wrap- 
ped in thought and the atmosphere, stood alone on the bluff 
and let his keen eye sweep the free panorama that circled all 
about him. A slight cloud hung athwart his corrugated 
brow. | 

“Ts this,” he slowly muttered, ‘is this a fresh mistake 
of Moses?” 


Crieek Pie R& 11 


THE CONNECTICUT LAND COMPANY. 


Out of the past I see them rise, 
Woodeny men with twinkling eyes ; 
Whittling men of well-spent years— 


Shapers of pine and pioneers. 
—From ‘Songs of Old Reserve.”’ 


ISTORY is little more than an abstract of land titles. 
War is a vigorous protest against existing fee simples. 
When an ambitious sovereign wants some other 
potentate’s land he picks flaws in his title and then starts 
out to evict him. Napoleon Bonaparte was simply a fat- 
headed sheriff’s officer in a gilt crown and tight breeches. 
Like all land pirates he finally had to take water in lieu of 
thetearth.= 
If North America had not been in the way of those 
doughty mariners—if mariners can be called doughty who 
were not out for dough, the two Cabots, the fate of Cleve- 
land might have been vastly different. Yet why talk Cabot 
post-mortem impossibilities ? 
~ The Cabots stumbled against Newfoundland’s bleak 
shore, and thereupon England, as usual, claimed all North 


* See ‘‘Paine’s Puns for Pensive People.” 


America. Not only that, but England’s sovereign presently 
began*to give it away. Great blocks of virgin acres were 
bestowed on this favorite and that; sometimes the same 
block to several favorites. Occasionally another kind of 
block, though not a favorite by any means, was substituted. 
This latter block seems to have been resorted to only 
through a desire to head off plotters.* 

In course of time the royal game of give-away was 
played by Charles the Second, who in 1662 granted to the 


Governor and Company of Connecticut a tremendous chunk 


of the North 
American pie.t 
Connecticut 
waived part of 
her claim to the 
general govern- 
Ke Neuse Loo 
about the same 
time that the new 
flag of independ- 
ence first waved 
over the United 
States, but she re- 
served her acres 
in Northeastern Ohio, and wouldn’t be jollied or rallied out 
of them. Hence the term “ Rallying on the Reserve,” 
finally corrupted to “ Rallying on the Western Reserve.’ } 

In May, 1795, Connecticut offered all her Reserve acres 
for sale, with the exception of a trifle of 500,000, which she 
had set aside for certain of her citizens who had suffered 
from rude British excursions and clambakes along the coast. 


* Compare ‘‘ Modern Blocks,’’ by M A. Bradley. 
+ Connecticut—a small State surrounding Yale College. 
t See President Charles F. ‘Thwing’s ‘‘ Western Reserve University Catalogue.”’ 


These were popularly known as the “ Fire Lands,” a some- 
what heated term applied to them by the early geography 
sharps. 

On September second, 1795, 
the Reserve acres, supposed to 
number 4,000,000, more or 
less, with a strong Yankee ac- 
cent on the less, were sold to 
the Connecticut Land Com- 
pany, a syndicate of wooden- 
nutmeg sharks, for $1,200,000. The Company numbered 
thirty-six original members, with seven directors and three 
trustees, and there were 400 shares of stock at $3,000 each. 
It looked like a beautiful scheme, for there wasn’t a cent 


paid down. But later on in the game, when the surveyors 
showed that there were but 3,000,000 acres, and that the 
Company had paid forty cents an acre instead of thirty 
cents, there was wild consternation. “Iwo members who 
had heart disease barely pulled through. 

But, of course, nobody dreamed of this on September 
5, 1795, and consequently at the meeting held on that date 
in Hartford, they were all eagerness to have their new ac- 
quisition explored and’ surveyed. The meeting, which was 
rendered somewhat informal by 
the frequent meanderings of an 
oft-drained mug of flip, was 
presided over by General Oli- 
ver Phelps, with stockholder 
Titus Street at the secretary’s 
table. here were no reporters 


present, an oversight which 
reflects keenly on the enterprise of the local press. 
The portion of the proceedings which was of greatest 


interest to future Clevelanders was the selection of one of 
the directors of the Company as general agent to conduct 
the surveys. The choice fell upon General Moses Cleave- 
land, a sturdy ex-militiaman from Windham, not Wooden- 
ham, as some archeologists erroneously have it.* When it 
is remembered that this momentous action was not only 
the means of giving Cleveland a local habitation, but also 
furnished it with a name, no true Clevelander can refrain 
from being thankful that the choice of. the Company did 
not fall upon stockholder James Bull, who was casually 
mentioned for the place. 

As an example of 


the genial humor of this 
early period, it is related 
that when Titus Street’s 
election as secretary was 
announced, a stockhold- 
er, name unknown, 
gravely suggested that 
itewase sr Litusentreat« 
whereupon the new secretary smilingly rushed the beaker 
to the nearest tapster’s. 

It is a great pity that the minutes of “ie interesting 
meeting were not preserved. Perhaps there were no min- 
utes, which seems a pity, too. Anyway, they are lost, and, 
as everybody knows, lost minutes cannot be restored. We 
may take it for granted, however, that the proceedings were 
carried on in the usual manner. ‘There must have been a 
roll call—that is, if there was any roll to call, or anybody 
to call it. Then again, as long as we don’t know what 
manual it was they used, we are a good deal in the dark as 


*See Prof. M. M. Curtiss’ ‘‘Handbook of Archeological Anthropology in Words of 
One Syllable.’ 


to how they obtained their manual training. Probably 
there was new business after the election of officers, and 
somebody got up and moved something—the mug, per- 
haps, and somebody else asked that it be passed —and it 
was passed. And somebody else may have asked that it 
be laid on the table—fearful, perhaps, that something, or 
somebody, might be laid under the table, and somebody 
else possibly wanted to know if it couldn’t be taken up, and 
was thereupon pronounced out of order—suffering from 
lazy liver, perhaps, and then just as they were about to pass 
something —the mug again, no doubt—the motion was 
declared lost, the a- 
mendments, as. well, 
having failed to carry, 
and the decision of the 
Chair being sustained 
on an appeal after a 
division of the house. 
Then unfinished busi- 


ness was taken up, the 


| 


sergeant-at-arms 
threatening to clear the galleries if the demonstration was 
repeated. 7 
No doubt everything adjourned when they got that far 
and very likely that’s as far as they got. But how are we to 
know all this, when the minutes that were never kept have 
not been handed down? And yet there isn’t a doubt that 
some of those Connecticut worthies had served as Minute 
Men a score of years before, with both honor and distinction. 
Some people affect to consider the minute as an absurdly 
minute bit of time. And yet in the aggressive fight for 
place and recognition, the minute is the only hero of the 


arena of Time that has sixty seconds. 
ies 


During the following winter, General Cleaveland, uncon- 
scious of the deathless honor which was about to be done 
him, made his preparations for the coming junket. He 
worked so industriously that he had his men and munitions 
all selected before Spring’s arrival. It is related of him 
that one day, when wearied by the preparations, he flung 
himself across a pile of blankets and fell asleep. He was 
awakened by stockholder William Love, who enquired if 
he had gathered all his supplies. | 

‘““No,” he answered as he looked back at his temporary 
bed, ‘but I have laid in a part of them.” 

It was on April 5, 1796, that the party of fifty alleged 


souls, all told, quietly set forth for the western rendezvous. 


Ops UN Ah Oe OOS 


THE FIRST NIGHT IN AN EMBRYO CITY. 


They read in Nature's open book 
Before them widely spread— 
They saw the child of Nature, too, 


And he was also red. 
—From Poems of the Pioneers. 


OUNDER Cleaveland’s party had become accustomed 
to sleeping in the open air, and when a big fire was 
kindled and the food supplies brought up from the 

boat, the arrangements for the first night’s stay were com- 
plete. The blaze attracted a bunch of Indians who prowled 
curiously around ‘the camp. Presently one of them came 
forward bearing a piece of birch bark and a bit of sharp 
flint. He was comely, except his hair, and wore a pair of 
misfit deerskin trousers and a snail-shell necklace. 

“ Bosh cobosh, misky voo,” he politely remarked to the 

General. “Allygoflipflap bawbaw.”’ 

“What does he want?”’ the General asked of Job Locke. 

“He says the Daily Tomahawk has sent him down 

here to interview you.” 

“Well, by gum!” said the General. 

“Gum all succotash, hulahula wowwow!” quoth the 


smiling Indian. 


‘“‘ He wants to know how you like the country,” trans- 
lated Job Locke. 

The General’s eye wandered to the nearest cornfield. 

“Tell him,” he said, “that some of it is amaizih’.” 

When this was translated to the red reporter he stag- 
gered slightly and gathering up his notes, hastily withdrew. 

‘“‘ Rather a fresh young man,” said ’Gustus Porter. 

“ Rather,” agreed the General, “fresh as a freshman.”’*. 

It will no doubt be entertaining to know what sort of 
provender tickled the palates of these hardy pioneers at 
their memorable first dinner in Cleaveland. Fortunately 


the menu card has been preserved and is here reproduced : 


Pe MENU. 


} 


| ead 
Fickory Nuts on the Half Shell. 


— 


Corn Extract. 
Canned Lobster a la Newburg. 
Scrapple. Cuyahoga Crabs. 
String Beans with Corn at the Side. 
Dried Apples. | 
Doughnuts Glazed. Pumpkin Pie. 


Corn Juice. Hard Cider. 
Johnny Cake. 


After this simple meal those who smoked produced 
their pipes and: lounged about the blazing fire. Amid the 


*‘ The Tomahawk had a large circulation, being seen in the hands of all the well-red 
men, as well as most of the sick ones. It was red more especially after every battle. Oc- 
casionally it was thrust upon the white man, but he usually objected to the humorous. 
character of its cuts. Some hair raising stories are told of its scoops, and the attacks it 
made upon some prominent pioneers are said to have been positively killing.’’—From. 
Annals of Modoc Park. 


outer shadows the stolid red men also sat and smoked. 
For a time all were silent. Then the General removed 
his pipe and peered about the circle. 

“Give us a song, Michael Coffin,” he said. 

The man addressed looked up and took his pipe from 
his lips. 

“Is it my fine baritone you’d be after hearin’?”’ he 
laughed. ‘Sure it’s squeaky tonight. The barrow part 
of it needs oilin’.” 

“Pass Michael the oil,’’ quoth the General. 

A pannikin of corn juice was handed forward, and after 
taking a liberal sup of it the young man cleared his throat 


for the following ditty : 


“<The lake was smooth, the sky was clear, 

The wind blew warm and free; 

The boat ran in behind the pier— 
That no man there could see. 

And right along where Patrick Smith 
Has dredged the channel o’er, 

They let their boat so gently float 
When Moses came ashore. 


“There was no awful pall of smoke 

To hide the city’s grace; 

The Gen’ral looked around and spoke, 

‘ Perhaps this ain’t the place.’ 

They gazed along the placid stream, 
No odor loud it bore; 

The water, too, was clear and blue 
When Moses came ashore. 


“They heard no locomotive shriek, 

The towing tugs were still; 

The hoisters’ constant rush and creak 
Were absent from the bill. 

Beyond the bluff the city’s din 
Came not in muffled roar; 

The big foghorn was still unborn 
When Moses came ashore. 


“The great Globe works were not in sight, 

No Viaduct was there; 

They looked to left, they looked to right, 
The banks seemed strangely bare. 

The Gen’ral rubbed his wearied eyes: 
‘[’ll strain my sight no more.’ 

Twas such a mix in 96 
When Moses came ashore.” 


A round of applause from the white men, and a scat- 
tered volley of guttural “ughs” from the red ones, greeted 
this vocal effort. When the pipes were finished, the Gen- 
eral gave the order to turn in. A guard was set and ina 
few moments a chorus of noisy snores from a circle of 
blanketed forms told that the sturdy surveyors were setting 
stakes and running lines in dreamland. | 


CHAPTER EV. 


ObPoeko bing bel EL ZEN S: 


The coal man didn’t shovel coal, 
The ice man cut no tce, 
And when they called the city’s roll 
"Twas answered only twice. 
—From Songs of the Senecas. 


HE GENERAL lingered for a few days in Cleave- 
land and then returned to Conneaut. As he step- 
ped aboard his craft with most of his party, his keen 

eye roamed up and down the river. 

“All this stream needs to make it navigable,” he said, 
“is a competent city engineer and a dredge.” 

‘““All we need is the dredge,’ said Seth Pease. “We 
have the Injun-here.” And he pointed across the Cuya- 
hoga to a solitary red.* 

“Tt looks like aun on the West Side bank,” said the 
General, as the Indian quickened his pace. 

The Indian must have heard the joke for he tumbled— 
into the river. 

“Gone into liquidation,” exclaimed the General. 


* Consult S. T. Wellman’s ‘‘ Engineering Enterprise.” 


It was agreed upon that Job 
Stiles and his wife, Tabitha Cumi 


sa, Stiles, should remain through 


the winter in the new town. 
Several men were left behind to 
build a three-quarter story Queen 
Anne log cottage for the worthy pair, and also a Colonial 
provision depot for the surveyors.* The former was 
erected on what wasn’t at that time Bank street, and the 
other arose on the side hill just south of St. Clair street. 
This latter was called Pease’s hotel, though the rude men 
who dined there slighted the Pease and invariably alluded 
to it as a beanery. 

In the meantime the surveyors were steadily working 
westward from Conneaut. On September sixteenth they 
began to lay out Cleaveland. On October first the original 
map of the town was started, and on October seventeenth 
the work was completed, a fac-simile of which will be seen 
on the opposite page. | 

Those not familiar with pioneer surveying can have 
little appreciation of the difficulties encountered by these 
early platters. Constant gazing through various kinds of 
glasses caused them to contract an obliquity of vision that 
was painful to behold. Hammering down so many stakes 
gave them what is known to the medical profession as ham- 

-mer-joint. While toting the heavy chain, stretched out 
their discomfort link by link. Yet they went right ahead 
laying out quarter-sections, and original ten-acres, and 
choice subdivisions, and desirable 
corner lots. It was difficult, but 
they persevered. It was what they 
were there to do, so they did it. 


* See ‘“‘ Early Examples of Colonial.Architecture,”’ 
by C. F. Schweinfurth. 


| el 


or os 


SYUPERIOR 


Ye Fieste Mare 


OF 


CLEAVELAND 
BY 


AMOS SPAFFORD. 


Wolves. 
Blockhouse. 
Cornfield. 
Fence. 
Trees. 


Wigwams. 

Lone Dog’s Wigwam. 
Carter’s Tavern site. 
Publick Square. 


Having finished the task they had come west to per- 
form, General Cleaveland and his entire party, with the ex- 
ception of the Stiles 
family, returned to Con- 
necticut, where they 
found a warm welcome 
awaiting them — espec- 
ially after the surveyors 
had let the stockholders 
into the secret of the 
million-acre shortage. 


However, another ex- 
pedition was fitted out in the early spring, but General 
Cleaveland was not chosen to command it. The directors 


.~ didn’t like the way the game of grab had been played, so 


they tried a Hart lead—the Rev. Seth Hart taking Gen- 
eral Cleaveland’s place. 

It is fortunate that worthy Job Stiles left a diary of his 
winter in the new settlement, for from it an admirable 
idea of the social life of Cleaveland’s first citizens may be 
gained. He begins with the occupancy of his new home: 


August ye 8—This day have me and Tabitha ta’en 
possession of our new dommycyle. i 
is a lovely dwelling and compareth 
favorably with any in ye neighborhood. 

August ye 16—Saw a bear swimming ye river today. 
Started in chase, for ye larder runneth 
low. Headed him off, by rowing across 
his bows. “Turning, he made for shore, 
me pulling manfully in ye rear. When 
he scrambled up ye bank he caught sight 
of Tabitha and then it was truly a case 


of go-it-wife-go-it-bear! When we 
reached the cottage we passed around it 
in the following order: 1, Tabitha; 2, 
the bear; 3, me. Then Tabitha caught 
her foot and fell, and the bear fell on 
Tab, and I fell over ye bear. Ye bear 
was ye worst scared of the three and 
made off for ye woods at a great rate. 
Tabitha was mad. She said to me as 
soon as she caught her wind:  ‘“* What 
do you think the neighbors will say to 
such goings on?” 

November ye 3—Ye society of Cleaveland will never be 
so select as it now is. There is no 
danger of meeting strangers at any of 
ye local gatheryngs. All of ye surveyors 
have departed and Tabitha an’ me are 
alone in ye wilderness. 

November ye 10——Ye Injuns are well meaning. They 
bring us game whenever they have the 
luck to shoot any. Old Succotash 
brought me some game last night which 
is played with divers colored stones, 
whereat I lost a flask of rum and a 
pound of Virginia Tobacko. This 
morning Ogontz, the Ottawa Chief, be- 
ing somewhat obfusticated, brought me 
the hind leg of a boiled dog and invited 
himself to dinner. I only got rid of 
him by saying it was our national fast 
day, and he took his gift and went away 
with the rest of the tribe who had dogged 


his footsteps. 


November ye 19—We have a boarder. It is Edwarde 
Paine, the Injin trader. He says when 
he finds time he will go out and officially 
found Painesville. 

December ye 17—-Much snowe and nothynge doing. 

December ye 25—Tabitha and I sit by ye fire and think 
of home. We have nothynge to put in 
our stockynges except our feete. 

January ye 2—Very cold snappe. Water’ pipes all 
froze and ye sewer stopped uppe. 

January ye 12—Have been obliged to use greene woode 
on ye fire-place. It maketh a dense 
smoke both in and out of ye home. Ye 
Seneca Injins, who are camped at ye 
foote of ye bluff near Vineyard Lane, 
have complayned of ye smoke nuisance, 
but I careth not. 

Hepes ye 27—I thynke winter’s back bone be broken. 
At least I have heard some funnye 
cracks from where the ice in ye lake is 
breakynge. 

March ye 2-—Giddyngs Brook is on ye rampayge. 

March ye g-—lIt has been a long and dreary winter for 
me and Tabitha and for our boarder. | 
have read ye almanack, including ye 
jokes, five and twenty times and it some- 
what palleth upon me. Natheless I can 
recommend Cleaveland as a truly quiet 
town for those who desire a resort that 
is free from undue noise and all excite- 
ment. 


CHAP LER. 


~ GE ETINGON. 


Oh, slowly grew the little town 
Beside the sluggish river ,; 
It suffered from misfortune’s frown — 
Likewise a sluggish liver. 
—From Ballads of Berea. 


LEAVELAND’S first dozen years were mostly a series 
ee of struggles with fate—and the ague. Fate took 
several hard falls out of the town, and it seemed at 
times—intermittently, of course—as if the little settlement 
would be given the shake for good. In fact the worst foe 
it had to contend with was the ague, and every year some 
of the best citizens shook themselves loose from the town 
and took to the high hills.* There was one summer when 
the inhabitants didn’t dare to go in a body towards the lake 
for fear they would shake down the bluff. 

“] don’t think the town is any great shakes,”’ said the 
Rev. Seth Hart as he looked about him on the morning of 
June 4, 1797. 

“T guess you'll change your mind about that,” said Job 
Stiles grimly. 


*‘* On the Heights,’ by Patrick Calhoun. 


And in a day or two the reverend gentleman had the 
ague so severely that it fairly shook the foundations of his 
faith. 

It was the ague that made James Kingsbury and his 
family shake the dust of Cleaveland from their shoes and — 
depart for higher ground. As James kept on shaking in 
the new locality he called the place Shaker Heights. 

‘What is the area of Cleaveland?” enquired lineman 
John Doane. 

“‘ Malaria,” replied sur- 
veyor Amos Spafford, and 
his teeth chattered as he 
said it. : 

In the summer of 1797 
the. Company’s employees 
enclosed the vegetable 
garden about their log store 
house with the pioneer fence 
of the Reserve.* It had 
been customary for them to 
stand guard over the sup- 
plies, but after the fence was 
erected it was decided that 
the picket line rendered the 


guards unnecessary. 

On May second of this year the city received an im- 
portant accession to its scanty population ‘through the 
arrival of the redoubtable Major Lorenzo Carter. The 
Major was of the type—and display type at that—which 
goes to the makeup of the successful pioneer. He was 
alert, energetic, fearless and of great personal strength. A 
man of sanguine temperament he kept a tavern and was 


* From ‘‘My Summer ina Garden,’’ by Charles La Marche. 


never out of spirits. He also dispensed justice—or dis- 
pensed with it—and at the same time assiduously kept up 
his practice at the bar. He had deer-hounds, too, for 
whether it was Nimrod or forty-rod he was bound to excel. 
From the time of his coming until April, 1800, the Major’s 
was the only white family in Cleaveland—and owing to ex- 
posure it wasn’t so very white either. 

Karly in 1800 two important events broke up the deadly 
monotony. A school house was built on the hills near the 
Kingsbury’s, and David Bryant erected a small distillery 
close to the river near the foot of Superior street. David 
Beene his still from Virginia and made whisky out of 
wheat, to the intense 
ee of the 
~ Senecas, and MHurons, 

and Chippéwas, and 
Delawares, who stood 
around with. dilating 
nostrils and watched the 
savory process. 
On July fourth, 


1801, a ball was given 


at Carter’s tavern in honor of the sionigus day, twelve ladies 
and twenty gentlemen participating. Major Sam Jones was 
the chief musician and master of ceremonies, and the pigeon- 
wings that were cut and the courtesies that were made, were 
said to have been truly remarkable. Most of the guests 
must have come from a distance, for Cleaveland’s population 
dropped 1 in 1802 to two families, which bel escaped being 
a drop two much. , 

In the same year, however, a noted character was added 
to the Cleaveland contingent. This was Samuel Hunting- 
ton, afterwards Governor of Ohio, who occupied a sub- 


stantial block house on the high ground overlooking the 
valley just south of Superior street.* It was Samuel who 
figured as the hero of a thrilling wolf story. He was riding » 
home from Painesville one dark evening and at the locality 
that is now the corner of Willson and Euclid avenues he 
was fiercely attacked by a pack of hungry wolves. He had 
no weapon save a blue cotton umbrella, but he used it so 
vigorously that the wolves were kept at bay—always a. 
desirable place to keep wolves. Every blow he struck with 
the umbrella cracked a rib. Yet the savage beasts escorted 
him to his very door. As he cut the pack and dealt it 
a final thrust, he 
grimly said: ‘By 
darn, I’m _ mighty 
glad I never re- 
turned this um- 
breller !”’ 

Such was one 
gruesome phase of 
life with the early 


ploneers—no mat- 


ter how chased. 
Yet the picture of a pioneer carrying a blue cotton umbrella 
and keeping the wolf from the door, seems a little incon- 
gruoUs. 

In this same year a Cleavelander killed a bear on Water 
street with a hoe, an occurrence which moved a local rhyme- 
ster—the original poet of “The Man with the Hoe” 
perpetrate the following couplet: | 

“Westward hoe 
The bare must goe.”’ 


tO 


On April fifth, 1802, Cleaveland’s first town meeting and 


*From ‘‘ Karly Deals in Real Estate,’’ by J. G. W. Cowles. 


election was held at James Kingsbury’s home, where seven- 
teen town officers were elected, it being understood that 
more offices would have been filled if there had been more 
voters to fill them. No party lines were drawn.* 

In the same way that death entered Eden it came to 
Cleaveland. In May, ee Medicine Man Menopsy was 
stabbed to death by Big Son. 
It appears that Menopsy 
had doctored Big Son’s wife 
and the latter died. Big 
Son claimed malpractice 
and revenged his alleged 
wrongs with a hunting knife. 
Menopsy was all cut up by 
this attack upon his professional honor and showed that his 
feelings were deeply wounded. His death came near pre- 
cipitating a riot, and if it hadn’t been for Major Carter and 
two gallons of compromise whisky, the little settlement 
might have been the theatre of a massacre. 

In May, 1804, the first military company was organized 
in the town. Major Lorenzo Carter was elected Captain, 
Nathaniel Doane, the town blacksmith, Lieutenant, and Sam 
Jones, Ensign.t 

All this time Cleaveland was gradually pulling herself 
out of the dismal swamp of aboriginal obscurity. She 
didn’t know it at the time and when she found it out it was 
too late for her to recede. Her growing pains were getting 
more and more severe. In 1807 the citizens planned a 
lottery scheme for connecting the Cuyahoga and Muskingum 
rivers. They offered $12,000 1n prizes. ‘The drawing did 


not take place, which indicates that the early settlers were 


* For further information concerning ‘party lines,’’ call ‘‘ Cuyahoga C 770.” 
+See ‘ History of Cleveland Physicians from Menopsy to Herrick.”’ 
}‘‘ Military Pioneers,’’ by Gen. James Barnett. 


taking no chances. In 1809 the foundation of Cleaveland’s 
shipbuilding greatness was laid by Joel Thorpe, who built 
a schooner of a half dozen tons, called “Sally.” The next 
year Lorenzo Carter built the schooner “ Zephyr” at the 
foot of Superior lane. She was thirty tons burthen, and 
was pushed across the bar in charge of Skipper Stowe. 

On May first, 1810, the county was organized and from 
that date Cleaveland has not been without a civil tribunal, a 
fact that some of her citizens have personally ascertained 
with painful results. 

In the same year Alfred Kelley, Cleaveland’s first lawyer, 
constituted the entire Cuyahoga County bar,* which was 
the only local bar of prominence, barring Major Carter’s 
and the one at the mouth of the river. 


* Consult ‘Cuyahoga Bar of Today,’ by Frank N. Wilcox, President Bar Association. 


CHAPTER VI. 


THE SECOND DECADE. 


The War of Eighteen-twelve arose— 
The British came to slay ; 
But Perry parried all their blows— 
And put in Put-in-Bay. 
—From Lyrics of the Lake. 


stream. There were ripples now and then, and 

here and there a few noisy rapids, and once.in a 
while a dam or two. But the stream slowly widened and 
the current grew swifter, though no Cleavelander of that early 
date could have dreamed that it would finally reach the 
present strength of the Cuyahoga’s aromatic current.* 

On June 24, 1812, Omic, an Indian over whose name 
the chroniclers of the time seem to have widely disagreed, 
was hanged for the murder of two trappers near Sandusky. 
He was tried in open court— held under a tree with all the 
limbs of the law in evidence +—and speedily found guilty. 
His execution drew spectators from all over the county and 
the local militiamen, with flintlock muskets, under com- 


( Mee hase second decade went by like a lazy 


* From ‘‘ Adrift on the Cuyahoga,’’ by T. F. Newman. 
+ See ‘‘Law in all Branches,’”’ by Harry A. Garfield. 


mand of Major Sam Jones, were called out to preserve order. 
Omic was hanged in the Public Square, and also in the hollow 
square which Major Jones, who had mislaid his revised 
tactics, formed with much difficulty around the gallows. 

The unfortunate savage, who was a forced spectator of 
the frantic efforts of the soldiers to walk all over each other, 
finally turned to Sheriff Baldwin and resignedly said: 
“Ugh! Injin now ready go die die.” The gentle savage 
was so thoroughly unnerved by the evolutions that he 
clamored for a glass of rum. It was brought him in a large 
tumbler, and there 
wasn’tan Indian on 
the Square who 
wouldn't gladly 
have changed places 
with him. Casting 
a reproachful glance 
at Major Jones, 
poor Omic drained 
the glass and de- 
| manded another. 

This was brought him, and then the sheriff, possibly fearing 
a liquor famine, hastily swung his rum customer off. 

The crowd soon dispersed, all save poor Omic, who 
hung around a while longer. Since then the Square has 
been a favorite place for hangers-on. 

The war of 1812 was a period of terror for Cleaveland. 
There were brave men in the settlement, but mighty few 
of them. ‘They feared the Briton, and they feared his ally, 
the redskin. After the surrender of Hull at Detroit they 
felt that they were liable to attack from both front and rear 
—and they were not prepared to go to extremities.* In the 


* When prepared to go to extremities, consult Fred S. Borton’s suburban time-tables. 


autumn of 1812 they built a stockade at the foot of Seneca 
street and called it “Fort Huntington.”* It was a nice 
stockade from the picturesque point of view, but it is doubt- 
ful if the sturdy British would have missed it if it hadn’t 
been there. Early in 1813 several militia companies were 
rendezvoused at Cleaveland and placed under the command 
of Major Jessup, and the settlement took on the smell of 
-war. On June 1gth a part of the British fleet appeared off 
the harbor, and most of the inhabitants thereupon withdrew 
to the Woodland Hills, where the view was so much better. 
The fleet came within a mile and a half, and then — like the 
Spanish Armada — was scattered hy a violent rain and wind 
storm. On July igth of this same year General William 


Henry Harrison Ms visited Cleaveland 
for a few days and turned the whole 
settlement into a / _ Tippecanoe club.+ 
Then on Septem- | phn =. ber 1oth, Commo- 
dore Perry won @2yee 4 ne -.. his famous victory, 
and the cruel war, \ ries A, as far as Cleaveland 
was concerned, was _ fe see. oe over alti isgsaid 
by one veracious | Ss ~chronicler that 


pioneer Levi Johnson was shingling the roof of the new 
Court House when he heard the sound of Perry’s guns. 
He cocked his ear to listen and then slid from the roof re- 
gardless of the splinters. Gathering himself together he set 
off at full speed for the bank of the lake, and there stood 
and listened’to the firing, and every time the loudest boom- 
ing came he jumped with joy. He knew that Perry had 
the biggest gun. When the last cannon was fired and the 
listener waited in vain for further sounds, Levi swung his 
hat and shouted, “Glory be! we’ve licked ’em! That last 
shot was Perry’s!” 


*‘* Karly Memories of the Lake Front,”’ by J. G. White. 
+ Archives of Tippecanoe Club, by kind permission of President bey: 


As he-stood there pioneer 
Nathan Perry came running to- 
wards him. 

“Is it good news, Levi?” 
he shouted. 

“Well,” was the answer, “all 
I can say is we seem to be getting excellent reports from 
the Islands!” 

On December 23, 1814, Cleaveland was incorporated as 
a village, and on January 12, 1815, the fresh young thing 
held her first ballot-box soiree. ‘There were only twelve 
votes cast and nine voters were elected, with Alfred Kelly 
as president of the village. “The voters who got no offices 
were Levi Johnson, A. W. Walworth, and Daniel Kelly, 
which, under the existing conditions, may be looked upon 
as quite an enviable distinction. Towards the close of this 
decade two great levers were added to Cleaveland’s outfit. 
On January 12, 1817, the village trustees established a 
school house at the corner of Bank and St. Clair streets, 
and on July 31, 1818, The Cleaveland Gazette and Com- 
mercial Register made its first appearance. 


lts circulation wasn’t great, 
lts editor grew gaunt; 

And yet in spite of frowning Fate 
It filled a long-felt want / 


CHAPTER’ VEX. 


GROWING PAINS. 


Cleavelana’s population grew, 
And her fact’ries they did, too. 
There was nothin’ else to do— 
So she grew, grew, grew! 
—From Songs of the Square. 


a sanguine belief in Cleaveland’s future greatness. 

The village floated on with the tide, but a mighty 
slow tide it was. So slow that an acute observer, no matter 
how cute, couldn’t tell half the time whether it was ebbing 
or flowing. Nevertheless, there were stout hearts in the 
little village, and their owners were not the men to weaken 
in the face of discouragement. Truly, if it hadn’t been for 
these stalwart villagers Cleaveland might easily have ended 
the century as a suburb of Newburgh. 


} ‘HERE was little in the outlook of 1820 to warrant 


The necessity for a harbor grew more and more impera- 
tive. In 1817, the Walk-in-the-Water, the first steamer 
on the lakes, entered the port, but how she accomplished it 
is a mystery.” She must have Walked-on-the-Sand-Bar. 
Vessels of moderate size couldn’t get into the harbor at all, 


\ 


* See ‘‘Ships that Pass in the Night, and Also in the Daytime,”’ by Luther Allen. 


but had to anchor outside and send their freight — human 
and otherwise —ashore in small boats.* | When the anchors 
didn’t hold——and they didn’t when the wind blew strong 
—the vessels meandered ashore dragging their anchors be- 
hind them. 

It was Representative Whittlesey who remarked that it 
was easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle 
than for a temperate lake captain to get past the bar in the 
Cuyahoga. In 1825 Levi Johnson built the Enterprise, 
250 tons, and couldn’t get her over the bar until the next 
year. Representative Whittlesey finally got an appropria- 
tion of $5,000 for the Cleaveland harbor. This was later 
increased to $10,000. The work was hastily begun, after 
a bar examination and a delay of 
several months, on October 27, 
1827. On June 27 of the next 
year—which was a Friday — 
several vessels drawing seven © 
feet or less passed in and out “ 
over the bar, which was damp 
now most of the time. It had 
been raining a good deal, however, and the river must have 
been unusually wet, so this was not looked upon as a fair 
test. But the bar was doomed to a perpetual watery grave. 
In April, 1829, there were actually six and one-half feet of 
water in the channel. That was enough for the biggest 
vessels of the day, and the older citizens, who as boys had 
been in the habit of wading through the ten inches of water 
across the mouth of the river, were amazed and delighted. 
In 1833 there were eleven feet in the channel, and the sands 
of life of the bar had all run out. 


* ‘“‘Take Freights,’’ by W. G. Mather. 
t Compare with ‘‘River and Harbor Bill,’’ by Theodore K. Burton, M. C. 


In the matter of schools Cleaveland was slow. The first 
school in the county was a family school up in the Kingsley 
settlement, where Mistress Sarah Doan taught the young 
pioneers in 1800. The first school in Cleaveland was 
established in 1814, and in the next year it appears to have 
been permanently located at the southeast corner of St. Clair 
and Bank streets.* Of the school pedagogues J]. W. Gray 
and Harvey Rice constituted the faculty. An examination 
in contemporaneous geography and history as conducted in 
this ancient academy school would have a novel effect if re- 
peated at the beginning of the present century. For instance: 

Principal Gray — “ Where do you live?” 

Pupil — “In the village of 
Cleaveland, sir.” 

Principal Gray —“ How 
large is Cleaveland?” 

Pupil — “ It has four hun- 
dred inhabitants, sir, and is 
one mile square, including 
men, women and children, but 


exclusive of Indians and animals.” 

Principal Gray — ‘“‘ What are Cleaveland’s principal pro- 
ducts °”’ 

Pupil —“ Early settlers and corn whisky.”’+ 

Principal Gray—‘‘ What are the principal sights of 
Cleaveland 2” 

Pupil—‘“ The Public Square, Leonard Case and Kelly’s 
dog.” 

Principal Gray —‘“‘ You may read your composition 
about the Public Square.” 

Pupil—‘ The Public Square is something with trees 


* Contrast with latest report of Superintendent Jones. 
+ Minutes of first meeting of the Karly Settlers’ Association. 


and bushes on it and is surounded by Cleave- 
*% land. It is so called becaws it is as long 
i as it is wide, and it is also quite thick. It 
is bounded on four sides by little or 
nuthin, and the cort hous and jale, which 
is a teror to evildooers, is lokated on its top. 
Ontario and Superior streets crosses the Square. So do 
pepul who are in a hurry and cows. The public Square 
was discuvered by ’Gustus Porter in 1796 who was no 
relashun to the porter at Major Carter’s tavern. With a 
few geysers an bay trees, a monyment or to, sum capchured 
cannin anda roostrum which is for public speakin, the Square 
would be a rite smart place, and thats all I no about it.”* 
Early in the ’30s it was felt that the village was lacking 
in proper means of protection from fire. There wasn’t 
much to protect, but’ still the early settlers had no houses 
to burn. So great was the risk that the pioneer would have 
found it difficult to get insurance—if there had been any 
to get. In the autumn of ’32 the more progressive of the 
villagers held a meeting at Philo Scovill’s Franklin House 
and resolved that an engine company should be formed. 
They christened it the Live Oak Company, Number I, and 
elected Captain J. R. McCauly foreman. Then they went 
to work to influence the village council to buy an engine. 
The conservative citizens didn’t approve of this extravag- 
ance. ‘They said the buckets 
were good enough. They 
claimed, too, that wherever the 
village wasn’t well protected it | 
was cistern protected, which ~ 
amounts to about the same 
thing. Nevertheless, the vil- 


*Compiled from ‘‘ Karly Essays for the 
Young,’’ by B. U. Rannells. 


lage fathers bought a hand-engine in 1833 which was the 
fore-runner of the glories of the department that was to 
follow.* Yet, alas, January 24, 1834, when the village had 
its first serious fire, loss $1,200, the department is said by 
the newspaper chroniclers to have been far from satisfactory. 
In 1836 Cleaveland semi-organized three fire companies and 
one hook and ladder company. ‘The latter, according to 
the constitution and by-laws it adopted early in the year, 
was uniformed in the following manner: ‘ The uniform of 
this company shall be a felt hat painted with the number of 
the company and a leather belt.” This may be looked 
. upon as a light 
and airy costume 
even forthe 
hardened vil- 
lagers who man- 
ned the drag 
ropess ae here 
foreman was 
Erastus Smith. 
Cleaveland was 


getting to be a little conceited along in the ’30s. She chafed 
under her village bonds. She wanted to be a city and 
borrow money and have sidewalks and sewers and things, 
and a mayor and a city council, and a dog pound anda 
marshal, and codified ordinances and a nightwatch, and all 
those glittering features which go so far towards arousing 
municipal egotism. The fact is, in ’36, even the surface 
sewerage was enjoying flush times. Immigrants were tumbl- 
ing over each other in their eagerness to settle in the village. 
Only a few left the village without settling.+ Business was 


* ‘‘ Brakes I Have Manned,’’ by Col. W. H. Hayward. 
+ ‘‘ Characteristic Habits of the Early Settlers,’’ by S. L. Severance. 


booming — booming that hadn’t been equaled since Perry’s 

at Put-in-Bay—and money, such as it was, was plentiful. 

No wonder the inflated village sighed for civic honors. 
Finally, on March 5, 1836, the Legislature passed the 


city incorporation act. 


Oh, proudly gleamed cach loyal eye, 
Each head was much inflated ; 
Their city wasn’t rated high, 
But ’twas incorporated ! 


CHAPTER VIII. 


UPS AND DOWNS. 


Cleveland had her ups and downs, 
fler sorrows and her joys ; 
Though once the quietest of towns 


She now has smoke and notse. 
—From Bond Street Ballads. 


N FRIDAY—a day renowned in history for its 
mighty ventures, the fifteenth day of April, 1836, 
at a little after two o’clock in the afternoon, sun 

time,* a party of young men might have been seen by any 
ordinary observer grouped within a certain dingy room in 
the old Court House on the Square. These young men, 
despite their juvenility, were the first City Fathers of the 
municipality, and they looked as if they felt the burdens of 
parental responsibility. Presently Justice George Hoadley 
rapped sharply with his knuckles on a nearby table. 

“What’s up, George?” said Dick Hilliard. 

“J am,” remarked the young Squire as he rose to his 
feet. ‘Hold up your right hands,” he added, and forth- 
with administered the oath of office. ._ “ You’re next, John,” 
he said as he sat down. 


*Compare Ball’s Time. 


Then as Mayor John W. Willey arose, a rousing cheer 
greeted him. He bowed, called the meeting to order and 
read an address. It was a nice address, full of large diction- 
ary words, and it closed with this epigrammatic sentence: 
“The march of improvements will find sustenance by the 
way.” 

“So will the councilmen,” said Horace Canfield as the 
applause died down.* ‘Then a shrewd looking young man 
stood up and the chair remarked: “The gentleman from 
the Second has the floor.” | 

“TI move,” said the gentleman from the Second, other- 
wise known as Sherlock J. Andrews, “that Samuel Stark- 

weather be elected secretary pro 
tem.” The motion went 
through with a whoop and 
a jump, and thus was the 
legislation of a great city 
fairly launched. Later on 
they elected Councilman 
Andrews president of the 
joint body, and chose young 
Henry B. Payne, admitted to the bar less than two years 
before, City Clerk. The last thing of importance the new 
council did was to adjourn. 

Ohio City had stolen a march on Cleveland and secured 
a city charter first. [hen she hustled around and held her 
charter election two weeks before sister Cleveland’s. This 
was certainly a little rasping, but all feeling of bitterness was 
buried, or perhaps drowned, at a banquet given to celebrate 
the creation of the two cities at the Franklin House on 


Tuesday, March 9th. Citizens Anson Hayden and James S. 


* See Dr. G. C. Ashmun's ‘“ Diagnosis of the Ailments of Councilmanic Bodies.” 
+ See the City Clerks from Payne to Toland. 


Clark presided, and after-dinner eloquence cut itself loose 
with a vengeance.* The principal toasts are given below: 

“The Twin Cities—Their interests are united; may 
their citizens strive to emulate each other in enterprise and 
good acts. 

“The Pittsburgh and Cleveland railroad — No ties yet 
bind the two cities. 

“The American System — Whether solar or digestive is 
not mentioned. 

“The Spirit of the Age — Popularly supposed to be rum. 

“The City of Cleveland — Her position and prospects 
require no puffing. The time is not far remote when it 
may be said she was the second city of the State.” Truly 
the time came when she was, but no longer is. 

At just what hour this banquet broke up the veracious 
chronicler does not state, but it will not require an india- 
rubber stretch of the imagination to picture the East and 
West Siders with locked arms strolling down the hill beneath 
the smiling moon, singing, ‘‘ We wug go homitil bordig!”’ 
and separating with the 
fondest vows of eternal 
constancy at the Old Float 
Bridge.t 

Scarcely had the little 
city begun to feel easy in 
the civic collar and muni- 
cipal breeching, when the 
inflation bubble burst with 
a dull sickening pop. The boom dated back to the early 
months of 1834. It was helped on by the rapidly increas- 
ing emigration. Previous to 1830 the settlement had been 


* Compare ‘‘Happy Efforts,’’ by James H. Hoyt. 
+ Consult C. l. Kimball’s ‘‘ Advice to Tourists.” 
{ From Valentine Morris’ Unabridged Handbook on Bridges. 


fed in population by newcomers from Down East, but com- 
mencing with the last named year many citizens of German 
birth or descent arrived and the village grew very fast, for 
that kind of a village. The eastern journals even began to 
comment upon Cleveland’s prospects. In August, 1835, 
one of them said: ‘‘ The whole place is noise, bustle and 
confusion.” This was an astonishing state of affairs for a 
village of five thousand souls. Another journal commented 
in this wise on Cleveland’s primitive style of architecture: 
“The buildings are either frame, clapboarded, and very 
neatly painted, or brick faced with blue gray stone, which is 
found in great abundance about three miles from here up 
the creek, and which is ex- 
cellent material for build- 
ing.”’* The first house in 
town, however, was built’ of 
brick. It was erected in 733 
by Judge Samuel Cowles 
and stood on Euclid street 
on the land bought twenty- 
eight years after by Bishop Amadeus Rappe for the location 
of the Ursuline Convent. 

Every Clevelander, and a good many outsiders, thought 
the village was on the highway to municipal greatness with 
a down grade every foot of the way.t Early in 1836 the 
Buffalo Land Company actually sold lots in its great allot- 
ment in Ohio City for one hundred dollars per foot front, 
an almost incredible degree of distinction. Ten years later 
the same lots were offered to investors at $20 per lot. It 
was in 1836 that the famous old Exchange Hotel, at the 
corner of Main and Center streets was opened to the public. 


| 


*‘* Primitive and Modern Architecture,’’ by F. C. Bate. 
+ ‘‘Good Roads,’’ by Hon. Martin Dodge. 


At the time of its erection it was the very finest hotel in the 
west, and quite a marvel of elegant furnishings. A few 
months after its opening the bubble burst, the doors were 
closed and its mission as a hostelry was forever ended. In 
1842 its fittings were sold at a sacrifice and many of Cleve- 
land’s finest residences came to be enriched by treasures 
from the old Exchange. Twenty-two years afterwards, on 
May 14th, 1863, while occupied as a pail factory, it was 
destroyed by fire.* 

The year 1837 was a crushing year for Cleveland. 
Failures followed failures, the bottom dropped out of values 
of all kinds, and money was not only scarce but most of it 
was bad.t In May the local 
banks were compelled to suspend 
specie payment and a panic was 
at the threshhold. A citizens’ 
meeting was held May 17th, and 
although the panic was avoided 
the city suffered for a half score 
of years after this cruel awaken- 
ing. Perhaps, as the moralist 
who never knew loss nor sorrow says, it was all for the best. 
The Cleveland which rose triumphant over this slough of 
despair was built on the rocks of legitimate advancement 
and permanent solidity. 

About this time the little city began to develop social 
aspirations. ‘They were not sticklers for the rules of good 
form, however. It is doubtful if they had ever heard the 
expression. Nor was there a modern evening suit from 
Doan’s Brook to the upper Walworth Run. Yet here and 


there an individual cropped out who made a pretence of 


* ‘Inns and Outs of Hotel Life,’ by W. J. Akers. 


+ From ‘‘ The Passing of Bad Money."’ See records of the Criminal Court. 


eating pie with a fork, and in a few families the common 
practice of coming to the table in a knit jumper and no coat 
was openly discountenanced. 

There wasn’t any real aristocracy in the place, but cliques 
and sets were forming, and there was some tilting of noses 
when parties outside the charmed circle were mentioned. 
No doubt the ladies of these little mutual admiration societies 
would have become much more chummy if there had been 
any servant girl problem to discuss, but there were no real 
servant girls in the town at that early period, a shortage that 
must have worked a great hardship on the amateur humorists 
of the day, if there were any. 

As for the young folks of ’37, they had a good time in 
their own characteristic way. “hey gave no thought to any- 
body’s social standing, and they played ‘ London Bridge,’ 
and ‘ Little Sallie Waters,’ and ‘Copenhagen,’ and ‘drop 
the handkerchief,’ and ‘post office,’ and other games in 
which kissing was more or less involved —the quantity 
depending somewhat upon the age and beauty of the par- 
ticipants, and a little on the state of the onion market. 


CHAP BER LX. 


———— 


ECW SEES, 


The locomotive’s merry toot 
Resounded far and nigh; 
The early settler had to root 


The cinder from his eye. 
—from Rhymes of the Ratt. 


VERYBODY in Cleveland recognized the fact that 
5 the city should connect with the outside world by 
rails and ties. ‘The voters of the rival villages held 

a meeting in the Court House in November, 1835, to talk 
over the matter of aiding in the construction of a railroad to 
Cincinnati.* A committee was appointed to memorialize 
the legislature in favor of the project. It was a good com- 
mittee. Citizen John W. Willey was chairman and he was 
backed by citizens Josiah Barber, James S. Clark, John 
Waller, Horace Canfield, Anson Hayden and T. M. Kelley. 
Then there was another meeting on December 4th, same 
year, called to help along the proposed line between Warren 
and Cleveland. Pretty much the same good citizens were 
on hand again to favor the scheme. ‘They went far enough 
this time to get a survey of the route and the estimated 


* See D. J. Collver’s Time Tables for Tired Travelers. 


cost for the entire line. A double track road was con- 
templated with “rails of wood to be protected with iron,” 
and the whole undertaking was estimated to cost about 
$365,000, a truly modest figure. On March 3d, ’34, the 
legislature had passed an act whereby Adam Barber, D. H. 
Beardsley, T. P. Handy, John Walton, Horace Perry, 
Lyman Kendall and James S. Clark, were authorized to con- 
struct a railroad from some point on Lot 413 to the harbor 
in Cleveland village.* The other end of the line was at a 
stone quarry close to the corner junction of Warrensville, 
Newburg and Euclid townships, and then a depot was built 
under the supervision of Ahaz Merchant, engineer of the 
road. . The rails were laid 
through Euclid street to the 
city depot, which was just west 
of the Public Square, on the site 
afterwards occupied by the 
Forest City House. The mo- 
tive power was horses and the 
road was operated'for about four 
years and then abandoned. This 
was Cleveland’s first railway, but it would have been base 
flattery to call it the forefather of rapid transit.+ 

In that same year, 1834, the legislature incorporated 
four other railroads in which Cleveland was interested, 
among them being the famous Ohio Railroad, better known 
as the “Stilt road.” ‘The rails were supported on a double 
line of piles or posts with ties and stringers.{ Piles were 
driven over a part of the line, commencing at a point near 
the location of the West Side Market House and continu- 
ing west. Over $4,000,000 was raised by the company and, 


* ‘* What I Know About Riparian Rights,’’ by Newton D. Baker. 
+See prospectus of Everett-Moore Syndicate. 
{ ‘‘ Karly Holdups in Cleveland,’’ by Chief Corner. 


as its charter gave it banking privileges, it issued several 
hundred thousands in paper money.* Luckily for the 
traveling public or the part of it that hadn’t invested in the 
company, the stilt road never got to the operating point and 
finally crashed out of sight in "45. 

During the panicky year and years of consequent dis- 
tress, the railroad projects languished. ‘There was certainly 
no use of railing against failure. But the ties that bind 
sister municipalities in close embrace could not long be 
deferred. The citizens met in the Court House and 
appointed a committee consisting of IT’. P. Handy, Leonard 
Case. shichards Elilliard) 
John W. Allen and Peter 
M. Weddell. They recom- 
mended that the city borrow 
money to aid in the con- 
struction of railroads, more 
especially one hundred 
thousand dollars for the 
proposed Cleveland, War- 
renand Pittsburg line. The 
council carried out the 
recommendations of the citizens and the $200,000 in time 
proved to be most admirably invested. On October first, 
’45, another citizens’ meeting was the means of bringing 
about a two hundred thousand dollar subscription for the 
C. C. and C. railroad, but work on that line came to a stop 
in 1847 because no money market could be found for the 
city’s bonds. The securities finally found a market and the 
work went merrily on. In April, ’48, they were surveying 
for the Cleveland and Pittsburg and a few months later the 
dust began to fly. It really appeared to look as if the long 


*‘* Primitive Banking Privileges,’’ by J. J. Sullivan. 


hoped for means of communication with the outside world 
was nearing Cleveland’s gates. It was hightime. In 1848 
the only music of travel was the stage horn,* or an occasional 
whistle from one of the boats of the two through lines ° 
between Buffalo, Sandusky and Detroit, or the soggy swish 
of the relaxing tow-line followed by the shrill profanity of 
the tow-path boy. Really, in 1849 Cleveland was almost 
isolated. Cincinnati} was a four days’ journey, Pittsburg 
two days’, New York a four days’ stage trip and twenty-six 
hour railroad ride. In Mayor Josiah Harris’ inaugural 
address, March, 1847, he said: ‘‘ What changes in loco- 
motion and transmission of intelligence in thirty years! 
The contrast 1s scarcely 
credible, for then, a sturdy 
boy, I trudged whistling 
beside an ox-team through 
the scrub-oak village of 
Cleveland, on a forty days’ 
pilgrimage from Yankee- 
land, and probably ahead of 
the mail at that!’ 

At last the city officials 
enjoyed their first junketing trip. It was on March 16th, 
1850, over a completed section of one of the new railways 
which was rapidly approaching Cleveland. The locomotive 
that drew the special car, christened “Cleveland,” carried 
the party fifteen miles in 27 minutes. Then they rode back 
again without the loss of a single man—the City Clerk, 
who was married, being the only one to stop over. In the 
evening a supper was enjoyed at the Weddell House at 
which the feast of reason and flow of soul were brilliantly 


* Karly Tutors,’ by Edward L. Harris. 
+ A minor city on the Ohio River. 
t See C. C. Dewstoe’s Mailing Lists. 


developed. Councilman Hubby toasted “ The Locomo- 
tive,’ the only motive that can ever induce a man to leave 
Cleveland. Citizen Harbeck pushed forward the following 
sentiment: ‘‘Cleveland in 1850 with her fifteen miles of 
railroad; Cleveland in 1855 with forty thousand inhabitants 
and four railroads concentrating here and terminating some- 
where!’ Citizen Ransom proposed “The Infant Indust- 
ries of Cleveland” which was promptly referred to Council- 
man McIntosh, the nurseryman. 

So with quips and jest the coming of the iron horse was 
signalized. Yet it meant far more to the little city than the 
prophesying merry-makers could comprehend. When they 
rode down the line that gusty 
March day, Fame, Wealth and 
Prosperity rode with them, side 
by side. 

‘The morals of the little city 
were undoubtedly fairly de- 
veloped at this period. There 
wasn't much going on that 
offered temptations to the un- 


wary, and the money market 

was so tight that nobody could afford even the most 
unpretentious forms of dissipation, which leads to the 
conclusion that hard times have their advantages. It is 
doubtful if there was a solitary latch-key in all Cleveland 
in’37. They didn’t lock up their houses then to any 
marked extent, and when they did they employed bolts and 
bars. And, of course, the citizen who came home in the 
small hours, and had to be let in by his anxious wife, couldn’t 
fall back on the “club” as an excuse.- There were no 
clubs and no lodges, and perhaps the best he could do was 
to say that he was out looking for shooting stars, or had been 


loitering in front of the postoffice talking about Cleveland's S 
g-glorious f-f-future. | 

The disorderly section of the bee ence it really wasn’t 
disorderly enough to boast about—lay along the river. 
Jack ashore has always been the same old Jack, and when 
the cry was “Strike up the band, here comes a sailor,” the 
city watchmen—there were two of them when the force 
was at its maximum number—knew right away that there 
was sure to be trouble as soon as the hardy mariner had 
assumed the usual load. And it wasn’t a pleasant thing to 
look forward to, either. There were no patrol wagons in 
those days, and the contract that required a city watchman, 
or even two of them, to take an obstinate jolly tar, whose 
legs were irresponsible, and whose obstinacy was fully de- 
veloped, up the hill and several blocks on the level, was no 
light one. It is related that on one occasion a watchman 
had pretty nearly brought a rotund sailor up to the top of 
Lighthouse Street hill, when the mariner slipped from his 
grasp and rolling all the way to the bottom, plunged into 
the river, and swimming to the Ohio City side, merrily 
defied the panting officer 
to come over and get 
him. | | 

But, take it all in all, 
Cleveland was a very 
well-behaved municipal 
youngster, and a real 
credit) to its: -Purrtan 


bringing-up. 


CEPA Bala HARE Xe 


THE-BATTLE OF THE BRIDGE. 


Then up sprang Sheriff Barnum, 
And shrilly he did cry: 
“Tl smash those hoodlums, darn ’em ! 
Or know the reason why !”’ 
—From ‘‘ Barnum at the Bridge.’ 


HAT sanguinary struggle, the Battle of the Bridge, 
is paralleled only by the famous affair in which 
Horatius held the Viaduct across the Yellow Tiber, 

of which historian Macaulay, whom we may call a great poet 
as well, sings in unabridged form. It grew, the local fight 
not the Roman, out of the chronic state of envious irritation 
which affected the rival cities. It was increased by the gift 
to Cleveland of the Columbus street bridge, erected at an 
expense of $15,000 by Edmund Clark, Richard Hilliard, 
C. W. Palmer, John W. Willey and James S. Clark. The 
citizens had built the bridge to aid the development of their 
real estate investments in Ohio City. On April 18, 1836, 
they gave the bridge to the City Council, whereat Ohio City 
waxed indignant. ‘The latter felt sore because the owners 
vested all rights connected with the structure in the Cleve- 


land Council. The Ohio Citizens claimed they had good 


grounds for feeling sore. These were the grounds on which 
the west end of the bridge rested. They insinuated that if 
Cleveland wanted to run its old bridge up and down the 
river, over its own half of the stream, Ohio City had no 
objection, but she did object to holding up one end of a 
bridge that belonged to somebody else. 

The tempest, however, was confined in the teapot, with 
occasional ominous lid-liftings, until the summer of 1837, 
when the mutterings of anger were changed into the red- 
mouthed dissonance of open war. In the spring of that 
year Cleveland’s Council directed the City Marshal * 
remove the old float bridge, which having been pronounced 
a nuisance, was to be replaced by a permanent structure. 
The Ohio citizens howled in protest. An injunction was 
demanded and Judge Humphrey granted it. The work of 
removal was stopped, but owing to the grading of River 
street the approach to the bridge was in an impassable con- 
dition. To offset this 
the council of Ohio City 
directed their Marshal + 
to obstruct the south end 
of the Columbus street 
bridge and also to cut 
away the draw. 

Cleveland didn’t pro- 
pose to stand by and see 
any Marshal draw cuts 
for its property, and ae the official in question dug a big 
hole and stacked up a lot of chips and other debris around 
it, the Clevelanders got out an injunction. In the mean- 
time, some miscreants had made half a dozen unsuccessful 


*See ‘‘ Phrase Book of International Belligerancy,’’ by Judge J. M. Shallenbarger. 
+ ‘Other Marshals,’’ by Marshal Frank Chandler. 


attempts to blow up the southern abutments. On the night 
of October 27th an explosion destroyed part of the bridge 
and this encouraged an Ohio City mob to gather the next 
night and, with repeated blasts of gunpowder and the use 
of crowbars and axes, to do still further damage, the struc- 
ture being rendered completely impassable by morning. 
The Cleveland 
Council promptly or- 
dered the bridge repaired 
and stationed a guard 
upon it. The situation 
was rapidly growing 
strained, especially so 
in the remaining under- | 
pinning of the bridge. 4 
At any moment the 
Cuyahogan tide might 


run red with fraternal 


and internal gore. It 

was acritical hour. The chief command of the Cleveland 
forces was vested in Sheriff Barnum. The Ohio City 
cohorts were irregular troops with little or no heart. They 
were fighting against odds, and the outcome seemed dubious. 
The night of October 29th passed without further demonstra- 
tion. On the afternoon of the next day, it was Sunday, 
October 30th, at two by the postoffice clock,* the Ohio City 
attacking column, drawn up in close order and rapidly 
approaching the bridge, was discovered by the Cleveland 
skirmishers. At the head of the line marched the Brooklyn 
sappers with their axes; behind them came the Rockport 
miners with the explosives. “Then approached the McCart 
street phalanx armed with crowbars. They were followed 


*‘* Karly Times in the Cleveland Postoffice,’”” by W. W. Armstrong. 


by the Whisky Island stone-throwers, and the unarmed 
helots from the Flats. They moved forward in good order 
without music.* The Cleveland skirmishers at once gave 
the alarm and Field Marshal Barnum drew up his line of 
battle. His right wing rested on the bridge railing, and his 
left curved in echelon across the opposite foot path. The 
praetorian guard of city deputies was massed in the center 
and at their head the doughty Barnum placed himself. 

“ Men of Cleveland,” he said, “this day makes or 
breaks us quite. We are here to save our property from 
the rude despoiler. We must stand or fall—with the 
bridge —and if we stand here too long we are pretty sure 
to fall with it. ‘ All I ask 
of you is to follow where 
I lead, but not to.let me 
get too far ahead. Ad- 
vance!” As one man the 
line swept forward. The 
movement came none too 
soon. Encouraged by the 
momentary non-interfer- 
ence of the Cleveland forces 
the Ohio City cohorts were hard at work. Chips were fly- 
ing; planks were yielding; an indescribable hubbub arose 
above the scene of destruction. Then came the heavy tread 
of the army of Cleveland. “Charge!” shouted the daunt- 
less Barnum. The column swept forward. The formation 
was somewhat broken by the contour of the roadway, the 
wings swinging in and the line of battle assuming the form 
of a V with the gallant Praetorians and their leader at the 
apex, but as the point struck the enemy, the wings swung 
forward and in a moment the two armies were engaged in a 


* Music as a Moral Factor,’’ by Conrad Mizer. 


hand to hand conflict. The first man to fall in the Cleve- 
land ranks was the gallant Barnum, who was struck by a 
club and went down senseless. The loss of their beloved 
leader did not dishearten the Clevelanders, however. In_ 
fact they fought with redoubled vigor. There was a con- 
fused struggle in the roadway, a dozen or more shots were 
fired, and then the Ohio City troops turned and fled, leav- 
ing one of their number severely wounded on the field. 
The mob was broken and the bridge was saved.* 

Of course there was great excitement in both cities. 


Blood had been 
shed and the 
situation called 
for speedy inter- 
ference on the 
part of all good 
Cie 7en Ss. mA 
meeting was held 
in the Court 
House on Fri- 
day, November 
Ist, with John 
Aeaatooteuas 
chairman. A committee of twelve to arrange an amicable 
settlement was appointed, and Ohio City thereupon dupli- 
cated the number. The joint peace committee met and 
decided to leave the whole matter to the courts, the old float 
bridge to remain undisturbed. Cleveland’s authorities waxed 

ery wroth over this interference. They were decidedly 


* And then the Kast and West Sides met 
And battled with a will ; 
In Nineteen-hundred you can bet 
They’! both be fighting still. 


—From manuscript found in a bottle on the banks of Giddings’ Brook. 


UNIVERSITY OF 
ILLINOIS LIBRARY 


opposed to peace proposals, and meant to protect the city. 
property and the city’s rights at all hazards. 

Nevertheless, the affair was adjusted without any further 
outbreaks, leaving the Battle of the Bridge to stand as the 
solitary internecine conflict of which the City of Cleveland 
can boast. | 


a 


CHAPTER XI. 


AetLOe EINER IN ETE YOUNG “LOW N: 


The firemen stiil had lots to learn, 
Tho’ they were much admired ; 
Whatever inside wouldn’t burn 
Outside they promptly fired ! 
—From the Song of the Tub. 


T is doubtful if there can be given a fairer list of names 
of those who helped to launch the infant city, than is 
contained in the roll of members of the “ Mutual 

Protection Society,’ which was organized February 13th, 
1837, and officially approved by the City Council two days 
later. ‘The M. P. S. was recruited for the purpose of pro- 
tecting property at fires, a most philanthropic object*, for be 
it known that the volunteer fire fighters were just a trifle 
less dangerous to property owners than the fire itself. If 
it was a small fire the energetic firemen were far more to be 
dreaded. Sometimes the flames generously spared a por- 
tion of the household belongings. Not so with the fire- 
“men. Nothing was left that could go through windows or 
doors. Feather beds were tenderly carried down stairs; 
mirrors and chinawaré were hurled from second stories. 


*‘* Philanthropic Objects I Have Met,”’ by F. A. Arter. 


Carpets were ripped up and chairs torn limb from limb. 
Not only did this eviction craze affect the owner of the 
house in flames; every near neighbor suffered from the same 
violent form of dispossession. The almanac of Poor 
Richard,* then a greatly esteemed literary work, sagely 
observes that three removes are worse than a fire. The 
remove the Clevelander of .1836—7 most frequently suffered 
from was worse than any two fires. 
This explains why the M. P. S. came into being. Its 
object was “the rescuing of merchandise and furniture of 
: every descrip- 
tion, protecting 
it from improper 
usage, and con- 
veying it, when 
ckpedicnt. to 
places of safety.” 
Each member 
was to be fitted 
out with a bag 
with his name 
and the initials 
of the society 
painted thereon. He was also provided with a belt holding 
two sheaths, one for a bed screw and the other for a screw- 
driver. ‘The society was the owner of “ten large baskets 
with quantities of rope,’ and these were scattered among 
the members. The list of members of this salvage corpst 
at the time of organization is as follows: Orlando Cutler, 
president; William Milford, vice-president ; Ahaz Seymour, 
Silas Baldwin, EK. F. Gaylord, Benjamin Rouse, and Prentice 


*From the Sam Briggs collection. 
+‘ Salvage as a Fine Art,’ by E. G. Tillotson. 


Dow, directors; Timothy Ingraham, secretary and treasurer; 
N. C. Winslow, J. A. Vincent, R. A. Snow, Henry Seaman, 
M. L. Hewitt, H. W. Clark, W.T. Smith, Samuel Raymond, 
T. P. Handy, Samuel Williamson, N. C. Hills, Sheldon 
Pease, D. W. Duty, Nicholas Dockstader, V. J. Card, John 
Doane, N. E. Crittenden, Samuel Starkweather, W. H. Snow, 
Moses White, S. L. Severance, J. B. Bartlett, Benjamin 
Harrington, E. F. Conkling, S. W. Crittenden, J. M. Brown, 
Daniel Tuttle, H. F. Brayton, C. C. Carlton, Mervin Clark, 
Gurdon Fitch, Alexander Sackett, S. T. Hurd, Ichabod 
Champions: Elarvey Rice; Wo G. Lines, J. Ll. Ransom, 
Stephen Woolverton, Richard Hussey, Benjamin Andrews.* 


So much for the public spirit of the leading men of the 
municipality. Nor was the social side of the community 
allowed to grow rusty in these earlier days of the city. It 
wasn’t an age nor a place for dress suits, nor social clubs.+ 
Yet when the community laid itself out to do anything big 
in the social line, the entire settlement was a social club in 
itself, and no;blackballs. There was, for instance, the 
printers’ festival in honor of the birthday of Benjamin 
Franklin, in March, 1848. It was held at the New 
England Hotel, then in charge of mine hosts Kelcey and 


*‘* Tne Fathers of the Municipality,’? by Samuel Mather. 
+ Consult Pres. Herbert J. Boggis of the Colonial Club. 


Bingham, and nearly every man of note in the city was 
present. The menu was considered a great triumph of 
culinary art—the expression is almost as old as: palates — 
and was especially strong in quantity. It follows here- 
with : 

MENU. 


Soup 
Side Dishes 
Roasts 
Game 
Pastry 
Preserves and Fruit 


Of course where ignorance is bliss it is folly to worry 
over the absence of culinary French from this modest bill 
of fare. 

Mayor J. A. Harris presided, T. G. Turner was orator 
of the occasion, and the music was furnished by the Cleve- 
land Mechanics’ Brass Band, J. M. Leland, leader.* ‘Toasts 
were responded to by the mayor, M. C. Younglove, B. 
Andrews, John W. Allen, 
George Willey, Stephen I. 
Noble, and others. The 
long list of guests included 
citizens R. R. Herrick, T. 
P. Spencer, W. H. Hay- 
ward, Irad Kelly and C. L. 
Russell. 

It was a vastly different occasion that called a goodly 
crowd of citizens to the river on September 27, 1849. They 
came to cheer and cry “ Godspeed” to the barque ‘‘ Eureka,” 


which on that date dropped down through the channel and 


* “ Harly Brass Bands I Have Followed,’’ John H. Blood. 


so on into the lake, and then away for the Californian E1 
Dorado. It was a voyage of many months’ duration, and 
there were quavers in the farewell cheers from the river bank 
as friends and relatives thought of the dangers of the ocean 
voyage and of the unknown land. Prominent among these 
fortune-seeking Argonauts were citizens John P. Jones, 
George B. Harvey, O. P. Cutter and George Hickox, all 
seeking fortunes through the far-off Golden Gate. 

In December of the same year a new light was vouchsafed 
the city, and the people who had hitherto moved in dark- 
ness were delighted thereat. The building of the gas works 
had begun on May 18th, and pipes were laid in the follow- 


ing July, but it was December before the new illuminant 
dazzled the dusky thoroughfares. ‘The streets first to receive 
its benefits were Superior to the Square, south Ontario, 
Superior street hill, St. Clair street to Wood street, and 
portions of Water, River and Merwin streets. So pleased 
were the citizens with this novelty that they gathered every 
evening from all quarters of the city and made shrines of 
the lamp-posts. They smiled up at the flickering luminant 
until it seemed as if the gas must partake of the nitrous 


oxide quality. They even loved its odor when it leaked.* 
To quote the words of a local poet: 


The glory of the stars and moon 
And comets, too, may pass; 
Then let ’em go— however soon — 


For Cleveland’s burning GAS!+ 


The new light very’slowly found its way into buildings, 
especially so into private houses. It was such a novelty 
that conservative citizens wanted to wait and see how it was 
received elsewhere before they ventured to take it in. It 
was fully a year after its appearance in the streets before the 
leading hotel of the city put up its first warning sign of this 
sort: 


PLEASE DO NOT BLOW 
OUT 3 
THE GAS! 


Lo 


So Cleveland found the threshold of her second half 
century brightly illuminated, and felt as she sprang across 
the dividing line that she was taking no leap in the dark. 


*‘* Meters I Have Met,”’ by C. H. Beardslee. 
+ Compare ‘‘Rhymes in Lighter Vein,’’ by Mark Davis. 


1796. 


LT97: 


1798.. 


Crear Roots Lit 


THE RECORD OF THE YEARS 
1796-1850. 


As Time, unmindful of the Fates, 
The record of the years unrolled, 
Fle left behind this bunch of dates, 


With here and there a chestnut old. 
—Fyom ‘‘ Breakwater Ballads.’ 


July 22—Go! Cleaveland starts. A small party 
of personal friends headed by General Moses 
Cleaveland come down to see her off. 

October 18 — The surveyors leave Cleaveland and 
the population drops to three. 

December 25 — Cleaveland’s first family celebrates 
its first Christmas in the new settlement. 

January 1— The pioneers exchange New Year’s 
greetings. Cleaveland’s population increases to 
fifteen, the greatest percentage of gain in its entire 
history. 

June 20— Cupid visits the settlement.* William 
Clement and Chloe Inches are made one by Rev. 
Seth Hart at the tavern of Lorenzo Carter. This 
reduces the population to fourteen. No cards. 


* ** Science vs. Sentiment,’’ by President Cady Staley. 


17/99: 


1800. 


1801. 


1802. 


1803. 


1804. 


1805. 


1806. 


September 4— The first germ* of Cleaveland’s 
manufacturing greatness takes the form of a grist 
mill. 

January 1—Cleaveland turns the century corner 
with but little prospect of ever turning another. 
Her population has gone back to seven souls — the 
others have gone back to Connecticut. 

July 4—Independence Day. Pioneer Samuel 
Huntington ruins a cotton umbrella in a fight with 
a pack of wolves out Euclid way. Grand ball at 
Major Carter’s tavern; the most successful function 
of the season. 

September 19 — David Bryant erects the first dis- 
tillery. Cleaveland is a wide open town at this 
period. 

April 5 — First town meeting and election. Scarcely 
enough voters to fill the offices. 

May 17— Medicine Man Menopsy accused of 
malpractice, is sent to the happy hunting grounds 
by Big Son. 

August 10— First postofice opens. This stamps 
Cleaveland as a progressive town. 

May 10—The right of the Red Menf to the 
Reserve is extinguished. Indians are advised to 
keep off the white man’s grass. 

February 13 — First police force§ is organized. It 
consists of John Shaw and Ezekiel Holly. The 
former is the day squad and the latter the night 
squad. 


*‘‘ How Germs Grow,”’ by Health Officer Friedrich. 

+ ‘‘One Fourth of My Youth,”’ by A. B. McNairy. 

}See Williamson’s ‘‘ Constitutional Rights of the Noble Red Man. 
§ Consult Van Horn’s ‘‘ What a Little Force Can Do.” 


1807. 


1809. 


1810. 


1812. 


1813. 


1814. 


Lol s: 


1816. 


February 1o— Cuyahoga County is created out of 
Geauga and Trumbull Counties. Cleavelanders 
can now wake up in the morning and know where 
they’re at. 

August 11 — Cleaveland is declared the county seat, 
which gives Newburg a set back. 

March 29— Pioneer Elias Cozad lays the corner 
stone of a tannery. 

June to—Dr. David Long, Cleaveland’s first 
physician, arrives. The subject of a town cemetary 
is agitated. 

June 24—Omic is hanged on the Square. __ Busi- 
ness is also suspended for the time being. 
September 10— Battle of Lake Erie. A hot time 
off the Islands. 

September 11 — First Court House* is completed 
and the young settlement’s trials begin. 

September 16 — First school-house opens at corner 
of St. Clair and Bank streets. Not overcrowded. 
September 19 — Levi Johnson’s Pilot is launched. 
This is Cleaveland’s original cruiser. 

December 23 —Cleaveland is incorporated as a 
village and is none the worse for it. 

January 12— First village election is held, with 
twelve voters,t nine of whom receive offices. 

May 3— The Commercial Bank? of Lake Erie is 
established with Leonard Case as president, treas- 
urer, chief depositor, draft clerk and janitor. 

June 9 — The assessed valuation of Cleaveland is 


$21,065. No tax dodgers reported. 


*See Smith’s ‘‘Do We Need a New Court House ?”’ 
+ Consult Pope’s ‘‘ Casting Votes, and Other Castings.”’ 


} See Alexander’s ‘‘ From the Commercial to the Caxton.”’ 


1817. 


1818. 


1820. 


boo20: 
1825. 
Loos 


1828. 
1830. 


Loads 


Lo 24 


April 23—The Walk-in-the- Water, the first 
steamer on the Lakes, enters the harbor. Com- 
merce is smoking up. 

September 11 — Alfred Kelly brought the first car- 
riage to Cleaveland. Kelly’s babies go riding. 
July 31. The Cleaveland Gazette and Commercial 
Register appears.* Will it appear again? 
February 24— First theatrical representation. 
Cleaveland finally given a show. 

July 14— First stage leaves Cleaveland. Suburban 
rapid transit established.+ 

September 11 — The Cleaveland Academy is estab- 
lished. Education comes higher. 

July 4— Ground is broken for the Ohio Canal. 
Consternation among the village mules. 

September 13— First ton of coalt is brought to 
Cleaveland. First smoke nuisance established. 
June 27— The first schooners pass over the bar. 
January 1— The population passes the 1,000 mark, 
which is much more than an ordinary passing event. 
May 21—The first lighthouse is erected on the 
bluff at the north end of Water street. Vessel 
captains seeing the bluff carefully avoid the harbor. 
May 11— The name of the city is changed from 
Cleaveland to Cleveland.§ Not much change in 
the town, however. 

March 20— First village hearse is purchased. 
Though it excites much admiration, no one is 
carried away with it. 


*See ‘‘Unpublished Reminiscences,’ by W. J. Morgan. 

+ Wason’s ‘‘On the Track of the Early Promoters.”’ 

t Beidler’s ‘‘ Back to the Karly Mines.” 

§ It is related in this connection that the foreman of the local weekly remarked to the 


editor: 


a letter.” 


“Say, I'll be dummed if I can use this consarned new head without dropping out 
“Letter go,’’ said the editor. Andthe ‘‘A”’’ went. 


POR 2: 
1834. 


1835. 


1836. 


iste a 


April 2— First fire engine company, Live Oak 
No. I, is organized and sits around waiting for a fire. 
January 24 — First serious fire; loss $1,200. Live 
Oak No. I promptly on hand; complete loss. 
June 12—Cleveland’s first strip of railroad is com- 
pleted and the town is making tracks towards muni- 
cipal greatness. 

March 5 —City incorporation act is passed by the 
Legislature. A great day for all concerned. 
April 4— First city election. John W. Willey is 
made first mayor. No floaters reported. 

May 21— First arrest in city. William Tax, un- 
married, fired a gun within the city limits and is 
taxed two dollars and costs. He is the original 
single Tax. 

October 30—Sam Scott establishes a high jump 
record, leaping from a mast-head into the river. 
November 12 — Cleveland Lyceum debated on the 
subject,. “Ought the Right of Suffrage to be 
Extended to Women?” The negative won. 
January 4— First breakwater legislation in City 
Council. With a few more boats and a good 
break-water the city’s commercial standing will be 
assured. 

January 17— City watch is established. Be good! 
February 13 — Mutual Protective Association 1s 
organized. Motto: ‘Save us from our friends — 
the firemen!” 

March 8 — First dog ordinance passed and dog- 
pound established. Many growlers rushed to the 
new resort. 

June 29— First circus exhibited in city, corner 
Water and St. Clair streets. Hey, Rube! Hoopla! 


1837. 


1839. 


1840. 


1841. 
1842. 


1847. 


1849. 


August 7—First professional horse race. Hi, 
there! Gitap! 

October 30— Battle of the Bridge. 

January 23 — First military ball at the Weddell 
House. Choose your partners for the Virginia 
Reel! 

August 1— First parade of Cleveland school chil- 
dren, 600 strong. Public education is marching on. 
November 17— Outhwaite & Co’s soap factory 
burns. Fire makes a clean sweep. 

April 13 — Ordinance adopted to restrict hogs from 
running at large. A good deal of grunting. 
August 11 — Nothing doing.* 

March 17 — First celebration of St. Patrick’s Day. 
July 12 — Ex-President Martin Van Buren comes 
to town, escorted by Cleveland’s brass band. He 
doesn’t stay long. 

September 23 — Cleveland’s first telegraph office is 
opened. It had been wireless up to this time. 
June 18— The Society for Savings is established. 
There’s money in it. 

September 29 —A party of local adventurers, with 
lots of sand, sail on the barque Eureka for Cali- 
fornia. They are out for the dust. 

December 16—Gaslight first dazzles the city’s 
streets. 


*I.e., a quiescent condition in commercial circles. 
+ ‘‘ Wire and Its Uses,’’ by A. T. DeForest. 


CHAPTER = XIIt 


THESMIEVEARY SPIRIT: 


With fife an’ drum they come, they come, 
Their glory fills the street ;. 
In blue, in gray, they fade away — 


IL miss thetr vanished feet. 
—From the ‘‘ Song of the Smoothbore.”’ 


T was natural that a community which in its early days 
had to be constantly on the defensive in order to 
insure self-preservation against redskins and red coats, 

as well as against wild beasts and beastesses,* should be 
imbued with the military spirit. A grave mistake has been 
made concerning the pioneer. He didn’t penetrate the 
trackless wilderness ax in hand as he is so graphically 
pictured.; Instead of blazing his way he blazed away. He 
stalked into the primeval forest with a smooth bore musket 
in one hand and a bottle of rum in the other, both muzzle 
loading and both equally destructive at short range. If the 
Indian didn’t get the contents of one he did of the other, 
and the pioneer considered himself fortunate as long as 
neither his ammunition nor the redman ran dry.{ 

* Compare Director Salen’s ‘‘ Wild Animals I Have Met in Wade Park.” 


+ See Gallery in Cleveland School of Art. 
t ‘‘Early Scenes on Erie Street,’’ by Charles Hickox. 


Small wonder then that a military organization was 
effected within a few years after the founding of Cleveland. 
There wasn’t much time for soldiering and few to soldier, 
but the organization seems to have been kept up in a sort 
of irregular way —there being no Regulars among them — 
for several years. When the war broke out in 1812 the: 
local military spirit ran high—as high as the Woodland 
Hills on one occasion, and it ran fast.* No less than two 
companies volunteered their services in the county, though 
where the volunteers came from is a mystery. ‘There is 
some ground for believing that like the armies of the petty 
German principalities, more especially the Grand Duchy of 
-Gerolstein, the offices were care- 

fully filled first, and if a half 
dozen or less patriots happened 
to. be -left. over, they. were 
promptly transformed into high 
privates. 

The legislature early adopted 

a militia law that seems to have 

been discreetly though effectu- 
ally disregarded, and Cleveland marched forward from 1813, 
or thereabouts, to the incorporation of the city, without any 
military escort worth mentioning.£ In 1837, however, it 
appears to have occurred to the young men of the tiny city 
that it would be a good thing to play soldier. It is a 
tradition that this commendable idea was fostered and 
coached by Citizen Timothy Ingraham, who hailed from 
Connecticut, where there were real soldiers as well as tin 
ones. Anyway, a notice appeared in the Daily Advertiser 


bd 


on August 16th, 1837, in which the ‘True Blues” were 


* “When I Ran Fast,’’ by C. W. Stage. 
+ ‘‘Early Military Tactics,’? by Major W. J. Gleason. 
{ Compare with Dr. Elroy M. Avery’s ‘‘Cleveland in a Nutmeg Shell.”’ 


asked to attend a meeting at the American House on the 
next Friday for the purpose of electing officers. The 
Blues evidently were not a fast color *— fast colors being 
desirable only during a hasty retreat, for on the day in 
question they formed themselves into the City Guards. On 
August 28th the Guards elected officers, making the 
redoubtable Timothy Ingraham captain, with A. S. Sanford 
first lieutenant and Benjamin Harrington second lieutenant. 
The Guards had a spasmodic sort of existence during the 
autumn and winter, but early in June of the next year a call 
appeared for the “Greys.” Notwithstanding this, the 
Guards was the only military company in line in the pro- 
cession on the Glorious Fourth. The “Greys” were in 
the field, however, and they met 

at their armory in Military Hall 

on Ontario street twice a week Si 
during the following July, and 
there is no doubt the raw recruits 
felt all the rawer after the hot 
service they were called upon to 
undergo.y On November 29th, 
1838, they made their first appearance with ae Timothy 
Ingraham, late of the Guards, at their head, and with twenty- 
eight men rank and file, and not so very rank either, behind 
him. On January 23d, 1839, they gave a grand military 
ball at the American House, which was the greatest event 
in the terpsichorean line that the young city had ever 
known, although the surviving pioneers might have claimed 
that there was more real enjoyment in those hoe-downs in 
Major Carter’s tavern. At this famous ball ‘Gentlemen 
attached to the military were requested to appear in uni- 


*‘* Rast Colors and Some That Run,’’ by George C. Groll. 
7 Consult official reports of Forecaster Kenealy. 


form,” but there is no fear that the glittering trappings of 
the hosts themselves were put in the shade by any outside 
competition.* The Grays—revised spelling— were now 
so well organized that they had become a recognized social 
as well as military factor. When they 
turned out the city turned out to see 
them. When they turned in the 
city sighed — both the East Side and 
the West Side —and went to bed. 

From this early Gray organiza- 
tion —in the early gray dawn of the 
military epoch—came the Cleveland Gun Squad, the 
original foundation stone of the later Cleveland Light 
Artillery, that left its mark on numerous battlefields, and 
still survives in veteran guise. There were other military 
companies that strutted for a brief spell and then retreated. 
into oblivion, but the Grays and the Gun Squad+ were the 
sole forerunners of the long and glittering pageant that was 
to follow after. 

It may be found interesting to peruse the lines of a 
curbstone admirer, who on occasions too numerous to 
mention has stood and enjoyed the pomp and circumstance 
of the amateur warriors: 


What is it comin’ down th’ street 

With shinin’ guns an’ stiddy feet, 

An’ gol’ lace glitt’rin’ everywhere, 

An’ hats thet’s like the skin of bear, 

An’ some, with swords, thet strut an’ stride? 
Thar ain’t but little money made 


In Cleveland when th’ Grays parade. 


* ‘Competition and Its Compensations,”’ by C. H. Gill. ~ 
+ From Personal Reminiscences of Hon. O. J. Hodge. 


By gum, I’d sooner run a mile 
Than miss ’em with their dazzlin’ style! 
Thar ain’t a capt’in in th’ land 
That ever looks so big an’ grand! 
There’s nothin’ finer I’ll be bound 
Than when they sling their guns around. 
Some sights I’ve seen that cannot fade — 


I’m thinkin’ of the Grays parade. 


Th’ people flock to see th’ boys 

An’ greet ’em with admiring noise, 

An’ holler at an awful rate 

When they go wheelin’ like a gate. 

I watch the sojers, side by side, 

But yellin’ isn’t dignerfied. 
Oh, things look bad for school an’ trade 
In Cleveland when th’ Grays parade. 

—The Song of the Sojer Man.* 


Naturally, the tactics used by the early military com- 
mands were somewhat primitive. It was before the days of 
Hardee and Upton, and the drillmasters had to depend 
largely upon tradition, backed by limited observation. 
There was a worthy Prussian who had served in the army 
of his native land, and had come to Cleveland because he 
tired of military duties. He wanted to help along the 
infant companies and so he wrote out from memory a few 
Prussian regulations for the school of the soldier. Several 
of these have been preserved, and are herewith printed for 
the first time: 

“Rule Dwenty-tree—Ven der gommand vas gif oudt 
py de gommanding officer ‘Left veel forwarts,’ den der 


* Early Recollections of Col. John N. Frazee. 


man at de left of de gompany he standts right still chust 
like he vas glood down alretty, und all de odder fellers valk 
aroundt mit dere funny bones exackly touching a leetle, but 
not teeckling, undil der line vas chust berpendicular by 
itselluf —und dere you are! 

“Rule Sigsteen— Ven your gommanding officer ab- 
broaches contagious to you, you must gif de salloot. Put 
your tumb in your left ear und weeggle your fingers. Den 
draw pack bote feets mit a skimaltaneous movements, und 
trop de left handt shmartly on de obbosite side of der 
pants. Holdt your breath in dees bosition undil you gount 
nine. | 

“Rule seexty-sigs— Ven der gommanding officer says 
‘Halt,’ und you are marching forwarts, don’t do it!” 


CHAPTER XIV. 


DELIBERATE DEVELOPMENT. 


The city struck a rising grade 
And took it by degrees ; 
For she was but a growing mazd, 
And wobbly in the knees. 
—From “ Ditties of the Docks.” 


HE decade that carried Cleveland up to within hear- 
ing distance of the tocsin of war—which never 
talks in mufed tones—was slow. It was even 

poky. It was like the flow from the spigot in the molasses 
barrel that the grocer’s boy turned on, and forgot about. 
He left it running and then did some running himself, 
because he had determined to cut loose from the peppery 
grocer and turn pirate.“ He came back after pirating for 
ten years, and found the molasses still running — but the 
measure wasn’t half full yet. | 

But if the decade was slow and a little sticky at times, 
it was a period of interesting municipal beginnings. The 
railroads, the water works, the electric telegraph, the con- 
solidation of Cleveland and Ohio City, the police court, the 
street car lines —all date back to these deliberate ten years. 


* See ‘‘Freshwater Pirates,’ by E. W. Radder. 


They introduced to the city numerous infantile additions 
that developed in after years into ornaments and models of 
citizenship. They brought to town the greatest crowd that 
Cleveland had ever known,* when the Perry Monument 
was dedicated, and they included the period during which 
the late Artemus Ward, of uproarious memory, found food 
and shelter, and more or less raiment within the city’s 
honored voting precincts — being without question the First 
Ward of them-all.+ In short, there was something doing 
in Cleveland betwixt and between 1851-1861, even if the 
procession did lag a little at times. 

In January, 
1850, the Amal- 
gamated Asso- 
ciation of Well 
Cleaners re- 
ceived a severe 
shock. For years 
they had enjoyed 
a monopoly. 
They were con- 
stantly in de- 
mand, and there is no telling how many missing pussies, or 
mislaid boots, or strayed tin dippers they annually brought 
to the surface. But they saw the handwriting on the wall 
—and prepared to kick the bucket——when Alderman Wil- 
liam Bingham { introduced a resolution in the council ask- 
ing Mayor William Case to appoint a committee of three 
who should at an early date report a plan for supplying the 
city with water. So the mayor named the committee and 
the current was set in motion. It wasn’t a deliriously rapid 


* ‘How to Corner Crowds,’”’ by the Superintendent of Police. 
+See Reminiscences of James F. Ryder. 
{ “In Days of Yore,” by William Bingham. 


motion, however. There was a great deal to be done to 
get it started. There were heated arguments over cold 
facts, there were surveys and plans, there was a legislative 
act to be passed, and an engineer 
to be consulted, and money to be 
. borrowed. In fact, it was not until 
1856 that the water was turned on, 
and Cleveland’s first pipe dream 
became a reality. 

In the meantime Cleveland had 
set up a police court and was giving her first police judge a 
reasonable amount of patronage. Some of her citizens were 
qualifying as old offenders, and numbers of them were mak- 
ing precedents of themselves in a most zealous and unselfish 
fashion. Naturally, with everything so new along this special 
line of dispensed justice, it was to be expected that the 
judge occasionally had to feel his way with extreme caution. 

“With what is the prisoner charged?” the ornament on 
the bench enquires. 

“With arson,” the gentlemanly prosecutor replies. 

The judge looks puzzled. 

‘This is our first case of arson, I believe,” he says. 

The prosecutor nods and the “judge looks still more 
puzzled. 

“Was the alleged offence committed before or after 
dark?” he faintly asks. 

“‘T believe it was,” replies the prosecutor. 

“Were the goods found on his person?” enquires the 
judge. 3 


et Nothing was found on him save his clothes and a stone 


bruise,” replies the prosecutor. 
The judge lapses into a gloomy silence. Then he 


catches at a straw. 


“Was he intoxicated at the time of the alleged offence?” 
he suddenly asks. 

“‘ He was, your honor.” 

The judge brightens up. 

“’That’s my specialty,” he chuckles. ‘Three days in 
the county jail on bread and water for habitual intoxication. 
Sentence suspended during good behavior for ’tother offence. 
Remove the prisoner. By the way, Mr. Prosecutor, what 
do you understand this alleged arson to be?” 

“Setting fire to a hencoop, your honor,” the prosecutor 
replies. 

“Probably fond of roast chicken,” the judge slyly in- 
sinuates, and a roar of laughter goes up from both officials 
and loungers. Which shows that police court humor is not 
exclusively a flower of later growth. 

About this time giddy young Cleveland was making 
eyes across the Flats“ at that coy maiden, Ohio City. He 
was getting to be a big boy now, and he wanted her for his 
ownest own. But Ohio City was dreadfully demure and 
not to be lightly won. Finally, it was in 1854, young 
Cleveland mustered up all his courage and shouted across 
the turbid Cuyahoga, “ Be mine, be mine!” 

“This is so sudden, Cleve,” said the fair’ one, and 
then she went way back and sat down and had a pow-wow 
with her folks. And Cleve- 
land had a pow-wow with 
his folks, and then they 
actually voted on it, and the 
votes approved the union, 
and the terms of annexation 
were agreed upon in June 
of the same year, and Cleve- 


*‘* Fun on the Flats,’’ by E. L. Fisher. 


land promised to take all the lady’s 
money and be responsible for her 
debts, and a joint committee put 
their names to the agreement, and 
then both cities passed the matri- 
monial ordinances, and on June 6, 
1854, the two were happily united. 
There were no cards, and no cake, 
and no favors, and no flowers, and 
no ring—the joint city councils 
being young and inexperienced as 
yet, but everybody seemed pleased, and almost everybody 
predicted long life and unclouded skies to the happy pair. 


The East sighed, the West sighed, 
Then their troth was plighted ; 

Firm the nuptial knot was tied 
That the two united.* 


But although the little city had added an entire new side 
to her area, although she now had gas, and water, and 
increased taxation, there was a limit to her extravagance. 
She had a chance to buy a steam fire engine at a bargain, a 
marked-down-Friday-sale bargain, and she didn’t do it. 
Afterwards she was sorry enough for it, no doubt. 

Inventor Shawk, of Cincinnati, brought up his steam 
engine for a trial exhibition, and on May 4th, 1855, at the 
corner of Bank and Superior streets, it was shown to a 
gaping crowd of local yokels. When he fired up and the 
big machine began to throb and rumble, the crowd discreetly 
shrank back. Some of them shrank back as far as Seneca 
street. But it was noticed with much local pride, that the 


*See examples of valentine verse in the F. H. Baer collection. 


Council Committee, headed by the mayor, stoutly held its 
ground, turning up its coat collar when the spray grew a 
little dense, but otherwise preserving its sangfroid in the 
most admirable manner. Inventor Shawk had two streams 
playing in opposite directions, large thick. streams that 
deluged the roadway and flushed the gutters. Then he 
hurled a line of water over the flagstaff on the Weddell 
House, and incidentally soaked a curious chambermaid who 
chanced to be looking out of an upper window. In short 
the inventor beautifully contrasted the untiring energy of 
steam with the 
easily-fatigued 
muscles of poor 
humanity. 

But there was a 
strong prejudice on 
thiespatt olive 
volunteer fire de- 
partment of the 
city against intro- 
ducing this sooty 
and rumbly rival 


into the community, and so when the committee heard 
Shawk’s price they told him it was another shock, and that 
they couldn’t think of reporting it favorably. This, it will 
be remembered, was before the days of the suave advance 
agent, with his glib tongue, and his champagne suppers, and 
his ready checkbook. 

On a memorable Saturday in August, 1856, a certain 
quaint building that was known to all Cleveland, was form- 
ally abandoned by its occupants and left to those destructive 
tenants, the rats. This was the Ark, wherein for many 
years a band of congenial souls had held delightful converse 


—and some wassail. The homely old building was built 
back in 1823, and had served the first Leonard Case, that 
Case who was the entire staff of Cleveland’s earliest bank- 
ing institution, from president to janitor, as a law office. 
When he retired trom the legal profession in 1835, and gave 
up all his cases, save William and Leonard, the younger, 
those worthy sons of a worthy sire took possession of the 
structure and presently gathered about them the friends 
most dear to their hearts. The crew of this quaint craft in 
the early ’s50s consisted of William Case, Bushnell White, 
Stoughton Bliss, John Coon, Dr. Elisha T. Sterling, Henry 
G. Abbey, Richard K. Winslow, George A. Stanley, Edward 
A. Scoville, Leonard Case, David Cross, Dr. Alleyne May- 
nard, James J. Tracy, and B. A. Stanard.* And so, on 
this eventful Saturday, the old hulk, which had served by 
turns as office, study, museum, laboratory and club house, 
was left to the mercy of 
the winds, and the cor- 
rosion of Time. ‘The 
Ark had reached its 
final Ararat, and the 
flood tides of wit and 
good fellowship were to 
surround it no more. 
As a local writer re- 
marked at the time in 
one of the dailies: 
“The world-famous Noctes of Kid North could Rae 
surpass the wit and wisdom that have found voice during 
the nightly meetings within the little old building.” 

Dark clouds hung over Clevelandin’57. It wasa time 
of serious financial depression, from the effects of which 


* Compare Tracy’s ‘‘ Archaeological Recollections.”’ 


the city was slow in recovering. Merchants whose credit 
was good when they retired at night, awoke in the morning 
to find themselves financial wrecks. Banks _ tottered, 
swayed, and smashed. Money was incredibly scarce, and 
what there was of it was little better than rags. There was 
no humorous side to so dismal a period. 

Yet into this condition of gloom a gaunt young man, 
whose nature was in sharp contrast to the local depression, 
contrived in the autumn of ’57 to introduce himself. There 
was little about this youngster to 
attract special attention. He had 
the usual number of features and 
limbs, and he ascended the stairs 
that led to the Plain Dealer editorial 
rooms by placing one foot before 
the other in the traditional way. 
Yet this gaunt and shabby youth, 
who bore a nose like the beak of a 
ship with a tilt to larboard, was 
Browne, the new reporter from 
Toledo; Charles Farrar Browne, 
in fact, of whom the world was to hear much in later years, 
and whose pen-name is never mentioned without incident- 
ally bringing credit and renown to the city that unconsciously 
cradled his early genius.* 


* Consult the epistolary remains of A. Ward, Rowfant edition, 


CHAPTER XV. 


THE COMMODORE AND SOME OTHERS. 


They carved O. Perry out of stone, 
And thar he stood alone, alone ; 
Until they sat the satlor boys 
On etther side to share his joys. 
—From “ Songs of the Square.”’ 


HE year 1860 must be given large red figures on 
Cleveland’s calendar.* It was a stirring. year for 
the ambitious little municipality, and the circling 

ripples that followed the stirring process endured for many 
a day. In the spring the local passer paused with look 
that seemed aghast, as he heard the pleasant jingle of the 
horse car rumbling past.+ Early in July the famous Ells- 
worth Zouaves came to town, headed by their lamented 
commander, and showed what a zou-zou drill was like. 
They formed hollow squares in the crowded Square, and 
then presto! they would appear amid a pyramid of baggy 
breeks, and cute little jackets, and natty white overgaiters. 
It was Cleveland’s first acquaintance with bloomers as an 
article of dress, and she admired them, little thinking how 


* For other interesting dates and data consult Librarian Orr of Case Library. 
+ From ‘Early Problems in Rapid Transit,’’ by Superintendent Mulhern. 


this warm approval would be turned to cold contempt in 
the bicycle era a generation later. In this same month of 
July the old court house on the Square was sold to a wise 
guy from Solon,* who secured the ancient structure for a 
paltry $60, and presently carted it away. 

The year was marked, too, by a brisk political campaign, 
that —although Cleveland knew it not—was fraught with 
the most serious consequences to the republic. If the 
local voter had laid his ear to the ground he might have 
heard the deep mutterings of discontent south of the 
Mason and Dixon line. But the voter didn’t do this. In 
fact, he never dreamed that the dogs of war were lurking 
in the shadows at his very 
door. Probably he 
wouldn’t have known a dog 
of war if he had come on it 
suddenly. But they were 
there, tugging at the leash 
and thrusting out their red 
tongues. So they went 
ahead with their campaign 
—the voters, not the dogs 
—and held their election and gave Abraham Lincoln a 
plurality of 1,265 in a total vote of 7,529. 

This was a rather important election, if history can be 
trusted, but it didn’t hold a tallow-dip in importance to the 
unveiling of the monument that commemorated Commo- 
dore Oliver Hazard Perry’s gallant victory over the British 
fleet at Put-in-Bay. It is true that the event had a long 
start of the monument, but that seemingly couldn’t be 


* Solon was an ancient law giver, but what this has to do with a $60 court house is not 
apparent.—Note by the editor. f 

+ ‘‘A state of affairs that shows a lamentable lack of respect for the dog ordinance.” 
—From early records of the Humane Society. 


helped. Anyway, it was not until 1857 that the agitation 
for the memorial really: began. A council] committee was 
appointed to secure a suitable design, and early in 1858 
this committee reported that it had gone so far as to con- 
tract with a local firm for the whole thing. But matters 
remained in statue quo for some 
time, and it was not until the roth 
of September, 1860, that the 
monument, without the midship- 
men that afterwards flanked the 
main figure, was 1n a condition to 
unveil. What a day of days that 
was! People flocked in from miles 
around to see the pageant and its 
crowning act. It was the greatest 
crowd Cleveland had ever known, 
and as there were no bunco steerers, 
no freight bill swindlers and no green-goods promoters in 
town, the rural visitors had the time of their somewhat 
monotonous lives. [here was an encampment and numer- 
ous parades,* the city appeared in gala attire, and almost 
everybody of importance was doing committee work. On 
the eventful day there were many men of distinction pres- 
ent, and George Bancroft delivered an oration, and there 
was another parade, and more speeches, and general hilarity. 
Yes, and all this over a modest home-made monument that 
didn’t cost $10,000 all complete and all told. Of course it 
was the hero the city had elected to honor, and not the 
modest effigy, that gave character to the occasion. And 
yet in those days that heroic figure + with its tight breeches, 
and its rigid arm pointing eternally in the direction of the 


first waterworks crib, was considered decidedly fetching. 


* ‘* Parades I Have Led,’’ by Col. John Gibbons. 
+ See examples of early plastic art in Cleveland Art Gallery. (In contemplation.) 


Of course there were 
several survivors of the 
famous seafight present at 
_. the dedication,and among 
them was Louie Dinkel- 
heim, who had served as 
gunners mate on the 
“Lawrence.” Upon be- 
ing asked to tell the story 
of the battle, Gunner Dinkelheim, who was still hale and 
hearty despite his seventy years, responded as follows: 

“Der pattle of Lage Erie vas der werry finest as well as 
der werry feerst pattle I vas effer seen gefighted yet. Py © 
Chiminy crashus! how ve soaked dem redgoats!* It vas 
chust like dis: Allofer Berry —und I dink dey called him 
Allofer pecause he vas effryvere yet at de same time alretty 
—he says chust like dis, ‘ Louee,’ he says, ‘ Louee,’ dot’s 
Ime, ‘ Louee, I guess maype ve vill go oudt und shoot dem 
Englisher fellers off der lage, ain’t it?’ Dot made me 
schmile. ‘ Vell,’ I says, ‘dot’s a pooty goot ting. Do it.’ 
Und Allofer says, ‘ Louee, if you are py de scheme con- 
toosiastic ve vill do it.’ Und so ve vent right oudt und 
dood it. It vas choost like dis: Right avay gwick de 
Pritishers vas down on us—und dey vill pe down on us for 
a long time yet. Misder Parclay, he vas der Pritishers’ 
captain mit de viskers, pegan der pattle py heaving a can- 
non pall at us, und right avay gwick Allofer heaved to.+ 
Ve pounded dere hulls mit our six pounders, und pooty 
soon dey hat to put oop new spars. ‘Hooray, poys,’ 
shouts Allofer, ‘dey are sparring for vind!’ So ve shootet 
a punch of grape shot at de enemy, und Parclay cried, 
‘Yankee hund, you haf cut de deck!’ Den Allofer cries, 


*I.e., Triumphed over the wearers of the British uniform. 
+ A nautical movement known to excursionists to Put-in-Bay. 


‘Dot’s my trick,’ und brepared to deal dem anodder plow. 
Howeffer, pooty soon yet, de ‘ Lawrence,’ dot’s de poat ve 
vas in, pegan to go down py herselluf, und Allofer says to 
me, ‘ Louee, I guess ve hat petter move yet. Dere is vater 
in der cellar und it aindt helt’y. Let’s go ofer to der 
‘Niagara.’ I schmiled. ‘Subbose der ‘ Niagara’ falls?’ 
I said. ‘ Louee,’ he said, ‘you are a choker.”"* Undso ve 
rowed ofer to de ‘ Niagara,’ und de pullets fell so tick in de 
vater all aroundt us dot ve got gwite soaked from de 
splashes. Und pooty soon Allofer got mat all ofer und 
said ‘I vill shoot dose Pritishers so 
full of holes as a Schweitzer kase.’+ 
Und dot vas de case eggsackly. Den 
it vasn’t no dime at all ven de Prit- 
ishers got enough und to spare, und 
troo up dere hands und cried ‘ Ve gif 
in!’ So me und Allofer vent ofer to 
Put-in-Bay und hat some beer, und 
den ve shtepped across to de tele- 
graph office, und after ve thought a 
long time so ve could say it all in not 
more dan ten vorts, ve sent a vire to de Segretary of Varin vich 
ve said, ‘ Ve haf der enemy meeted und dey are our meat!’ ’’ 

Of course there were poems as well as speeches in honor 
of the occasion. ‘There were also odes. Perhaps the best 
of these rhyming tributes was the one from which the fol- 
lowing sample verses are extracted : 


The Briton rounded Kelley’s isle 
And yelled, ‘‘Come hout an’ fight!” 
And Perry said, “ You make me smile. 


Pll fight all right, all right!” 


* From after-dinner examples of primitive humor by D. H. Kimberley. 
+ A species of food which consist of irregular holes surrounded by cheese. 


And so he hung out every sail 
And sailed out to the fray, 

And called upon his gunners hale 
And bade them hail away. 


“‘Give up, or I will riddle you,’ 
The fearless Barclay cried. 

“Your riddle I’ll give up, ’tis true — 
But nary ship beside.” 


At ten o’clock the scrappers meet, 
And ere three hours had sped 
Twas ‘‘ Good-bye, boys, with Barclay’s fleet,”’ 


So Perry smiling said. 


Then with a message full of glee 
He startled all the powers; 

He said, ‘“‘ We've met the enemee, 
And now, by gum, they’re ours !’’ 


CHAR LER. SVE, 


WAR AND SOME LESS SERIOUS THINGS. 


The tocsin rang throughout the North— 
A warning and a knell ; 
And countless loyal sons marched forth 


When Sumter fell. 3 
é —From ‘Songs of the Volunteers.” 


HE War of the Rebellion, whose beginning was pre- 
cipitated like a thunderbolt from the smokeless sky, 
‘brought consternation to Cleveland as it did to 

every other northern city. There had been belligerent 
mutterings, it is true, but there had been so many mutter- 
ings that they were not regarded seriously. Yet Cleveland 
responded quickly and nobly despite the surprise. The 
echoes of the guns of Sumter had not died away when the 
first local companies were on their way to the Ohio rendez- 
vous.* Perhaps the serious character of the work cut out 
for them, and for those that followed, was not fully appre- 
ciated. It was better so. The truth was revealed quite 
soon enough. For four weary years the cloud rested over 
Cleveland as it did over every loyal city. There were 
tidings of disaster and tidings of victory, there were days 


* See History of the Cleveland Grays. 


of sorrow and nights of tears and prayer. Volunteers went 
forth, and some came back, and some slept the last sleep 
where they fell. But through it all, through the darkest hours, 
the city did not waver in her fealty to the flag that floated above 
the sons she sent forth, inspiring them to still braver deeds. 

There was little or no humor to be extracted from these 
days of doubt and danger. The raw recruit took on a new 
dignity when he donned the loyal blue, and those buga- 
boos, the rumors of rebel raids upon the city, were fraught 
with too much of possibility to be laughable. And so the 
years of conflict wore on until one 
night in April, just four years from 
the month of the uprising, a wildly 
hilarious band of hysterical citizens 
paraded Superior street and noisily 
celebrated the fall of Richmond 
and the prospective return of 
peace. How soon the echoes of 
this night of rejoicing were merged 
in the lamentations that were heard 
when Lincoln fell! 

Of course the great conflict was 
the overshadowing reality of the year 1861, but there were 
certain other events that served to interest the citizens, and 
draw their attention, for the time, at least, from the chronicles 
of the conflict. 

It was in this year of 61, with the wind in the right 
direction, that a strange odor came up from the Flats * and 
diffused itself through the shuddering atmosphere. 

“ What’n thunder’s that awful smell?” asked one Cleve- 
lander of another as he sniffed disgustedly. 


*For further humorous particulars concerning the Flats, see the records of the 
Lumbermen’s Association. 


“ Dode you know?” replied the other who had a tight 
hold on his nose. ‘Sub fellers hab started ub ad oil re- 
fidery dowd od de Flats.” 

2 They’ve started up a first-class nuisance all right,” 
snorted the other man, “and it ought to be abated in short 
order.” 

But the nuisance lingered, and strengthened, and spread 
out, and a pall of smoke hung over the valley, and the 
sluggish river bore an oily coating, 
and long processions of blue bar- 
rels came up from the depths. And 


pretty soon this oil refining came to 
be recognized as Cleveland’s lead- 
ing industry, and the odor of its un- 
savory product, wafted by the winds 
of commerce, bore the name and 
fame of the city through many 
lands.* , 

It was evident that this great in- 
dustrial factor exerted a marked — 
and possibly a refining — influence on the Jocal public. Men 
talked of oil, dreamed of it, smelt of it. Their remarks might 
be crude, but there was a good deal of substance tothem. All 
the Clevelanders who went to the Pennsylvania oil fields did 
-well. Some of them did several wells.+ And a number of 
them found the road to fortune so lavishly lubricated that 
they slid into wealth with a celerity that must have aston- 
ished them as much as it did their friends and neighbors. 

As the oil business grew it gave employment to so 
many Clevelanders, old and young, that there were few 
families unrepresented. 


* Consult first prospectus of Standard Oil Co. 
+ ‘Never Grow Weary in Well Doing,’’ by Director Cooley. 


Then there was an exchange of congratulations between 
the Clevelanders and President Brigham Young, of the 
Mormon Church. 

“Our compliments to Mrs. Young, and we trust she 1s 
enjoying good health,” ticked off the Cleveland operator. 

“Thanks,” came back the reply of the eminent poly- 
gamist. ‘‘ Mrs. Young, with a few. minor exceptions, is as 
well as she usually averages.” 

Then the line ceased working. 


CHAPTER XVII. 


WHEN GCLUBS ARE; TRUMPS. 


What form ts thts in sutt of blue ? 
It ts th’ Pleeceman, brave an’ true. 
Oh, nothin’ can his courage awe — 


fle is the essence of th’ law! 
—From the Uncollected Poems of Dennis Peter O Brien. 


HE first club in Cleveland was carried by a watch- 
man.* The gentle savages who haunted the vicinity 
of Major Carter’s tavern were not the sort that 

added war clubs to an extremely limited outfit. They 
carried a knife, perhaps, and a string of wampum, and just 
as. much of a load of spirituous dampness as they could 
beg or borrow. The early pioneer preferred spades to clubs, 
and it wasn’t until the village attained to quite a size, and 
began to be afraid to go out nights, and thought seriously 
of buying a dog, and slept with its bulbous silver watch 
under its pillow, and had granther’s old musket loaded with 
slugs + and within easy-reaching distance, that the necessity 
for a hired watchman occurred to the fussy Cleavelanders. 
But it was not until the village had become a city that a 


***Clubs I Have Led,’’ by W. E. Talcott. 
t ‘‘ Why I Disapprove of Nickel-in-the-Slot ’Phones,"’ by J. P. McKinstry. 


real police organization was formed. In January, ’37, an 
ordinance* establishing a City Watch, was passed by the 
Council. It provided that ‘There shall be raised by vol- 
untary enlistment twenty-eight companies of watchmen, 
consisting of six members each, all residents, called City 
Watch.” The mayor was directed to open an enlistment 
roll and the volunteers were to pledge 
themselves to serve one year. The 
companies were numbered, and each 
company had the privilege of choosing 
its own captain. ‘‘ Watching hours 
shall be from sundown to sunrise, and 
each company shall be on service and perform duty once in 
four weeks, commencing at number one and following in 
rotation,{ according to numbers alternately. * * *™ Each 
watchman shall be a conservator of the peace of said city, 
with the like power touching his duties as Marshal or Con- 
stable. They or any of them shall apprehend and detain 
until daylight all offenders against the peace.” How 
reminiscent this is of that other city watch so graphically 
described by the veracious chronicler, William Shakespeare.t{ 
“The watch shall prevent fires; and in 
case of fire shall repair with all expedition 
to the place where the fire shall happen, 
and alarm the fire companies and the 
SEXtONS:S ie Mee etsOnSuea pO ECs 
hended shall be taken to the county jail, 
or some other safe place, and not discharged until taken 
before the Mayor the following day, for examination.” It 
would appear that the charms of this nocturnal office did 


* See F. C. Howe’s ‘“‘ Ordinances I Have Met.” 

+See Prof. Charles J. Smith’s handbook on ‘‘ The Notations of Rotations.”’ 

t An alleged writer of plays, sometimes called Bacon. 

§ ‘They went and told the sexton and the sexton tolled the bell.”—Kzra Kendall, 
Marshall P. Wilder, and others. 


not prove overwhelm- 
ingly alluring to the 
worthy citizens, for later 
on Mayor Willey, on 
several occasions, earn- 
estly calls attention to 
the fact that the lists are 
still open at his office. 
But the police force 
got its start, and kept 
moving, and will continue to move,* no doubt, until the 
sun of the dawning millenium climbs above the vine-clad 


ridge that rises out Euclid way. 

The company system of Mayor Willey’s day was 
dropped and the semi-professional plan adopted. ‘There 
was little for these early guardians to do, and they would 
have done it just as cheerfully if it had been twice as little. 
There were no porch-climbers in those benighted days, and 
no hold-up men, and no gentlemanly burglars. In fact, all 
these faithful watchmen had to do was to keep a sharp look- 
out for fires and obfusticated night wanderers, and incident- 
ally stay awake. As late as ’’55 there was just one solitary 
day policeman. His name was John Taggart. Alas, how 
little we know of this faithful servant of the public! 


Who was tt calmed the notsy boys, 

And kept his firm official porse, 

And scattered mobs of hot pollois ? 
’Twas Taggart. 


Who was it walked an endless beat, 

And threaded every lane and street— 

And ne’er went back to take a seat ? 
’Twas Taggart. 


* See Cleveland Chess Club in action. 


Who wore a coat of fadeless blue, 

And smiles at all the nursemaids threw, 

And sometimes said, ‘‘Gwan there you !”’ 
’Twas Taggart. 


Who was tt made his endless round, 

So slowly plodding o’er the ground, 

And drove strange porkers to the pound ? 
’Twas Taggart. 


Who was tt earned a niche of fame, 
And came and went, and went and came? 
Alas who now recalls the name 

Of Taggart ? 


On the evening of January 15th, 1857, the Cleveland 
police force gave One-of-the-Finest balls ever given at the 


Weddell House, all the local law-breakers kindly taking a 
night off in honor of the event. They had a banquet to 


start with, and Mayor William B. Castle was toastmaster, 
several prominent spellbinders * doing the oratorical stunts. 
Then they adjourned to the ballroom where a lovely time 


* ““Spellbinding as I have found it,’ by Harry Payer. 


was had.* The dance programme of the evening was not 
preserved, but it is quite probable that the special directions 
attached to it looked something like this: 


NOTICE. 


Beware of pickpockets ! 
Leave your guns in the coat room. 
Gentlemen will not pinch their partners. 


Ladies who hold up trains can do so without 
fear of police interference. 


Detectives will remove their gum shoes before 
going on the floor. 


Ladies without partners should promptly call 
the police. 


Hot coffee will be served between dances to 
officers of the night force who desire to keep awake. 


Ladies who have made no other arrangements 
will receive police protection when going home. 


Officers shouid remember that the Virginia 
Reel is not an absolute proof of intoxication. 


Don’t report any inattention on the part of the 
hotel employes to the proprietor. Run ’em in next 


day. 


It was not until April 26th, 1866, that the police force 
was organized under the Metropolitan system. Up to that 
time it had been run according to most any old system, and 
naturally any system it favored was a badly run down sys- 
tem and needed an active tonic. The Metropolitan bracer 
was just the thing. In May, ’69, the force had increased 
to eighty-six men all told, and Mayor Stephen Buhrer, who 


was both mayor and acting board of police commissioners, 


* Compare with society columns of local dailies. 


pronounced it in excellent condition. Since then, in spite 
of politics, and in spite of insufficient numbers, the local 
police force has earned an admirable and in every way 
deserved reputation. 


His lot is not a happy one, 
‘Cause he’s a target for our fun. 
Then fill the growler to the top 
And drink this toast: 


pst 


‘Dar .CLEVELAND «COP 


GHA LH Ree VIET 


COONS RA Ch AN DS hE Loi) tis 


A flash! 
A crash ! 

A smoking gun! 
A streak! 
A shriek? 


Gee whiz, theyre done ! 
—From the ‘‘ Song of the Sprinter.’’ 


LL work and no play would make Cleveland a dull 
town, and luckily the first settlers knew this. Ac- 
cordingly, they put in much of their time doing 

athletic stunts. True, some of this exercise was for the 
purpose of keeping themselves warm, and some for the 
purpose of making it warm for the Indians. But the result 
was the same. In fact Cleveland has always been a leading 
sporting centre. 

The strenuous spirit of the earliest surveyors is well 
illustrated by the fact that they brought driving stakes all 
the way from Connecticut. However, they did not follow 
the horses until after 1800, as there weren’t any horses to 
follow.* The first horse race did not take place until 


* “ pre-Horstoric Times,” by J. B. Perkins. 


August 7, 1837." It was trotted on Erie street and was 
won by Clara Fisher, the time being two minutes and forty- 
seven seconds. As the distance is not given, however, it is 
impossible to tell whether Clara trotted from Woodland 
avenue to the Lake Front or from Euclid avenue to Chest- 
nut street.y The next record breaking performance was 
postponed until August 25, 1866, when the famous Dexter 
made a mile in 2:325. His only break was the record.{ 
The first of June in the following year the Cleveland Driv- 
ing Park § was open- 
ed and the snap of 
breaking records 
became louder and 
more frequent. 


Smuggler, Rarus and 
Johnston each took 
a famous fall out 
ofe Mathers. immense 
But the greatest day 
in the history of the 
local turf was July 
3.0, 1/8 85) wien 
Maud S, the queen of ’em all, circled the Glenville course 
in 2:084.++ 

Hunting {} was the favorite pastime among the earliest 
settlers. There was a great deal of game, large and small, 
and although the lynx were plentiful there is no record of 


anyone hunting the golf ball.§§ The popular field-day 


* ‘* Worse Talk,"’ by John A. McKerron. 

+ Compare ‘‘ From Clara Fisher to Peter Swift,’’ by John Ray. 
t ‘‘ Records I Have Wrecked,’’ by H. K. Devereaux. 

§ ‘On the Right Track,’ by W. G. Pollock. 

*k See ‘“‘Equine Grace,”’ with illustrations by Dutch Mowrey. 
+t For further records consult W. R. Coates. 

tt ‘‘ Shotgun Outings,”’ by D. Auld, Jr. 

§§ ‘‘ Tee Talks,"’ by Rk. H. York. 


sports of today, such as hammer-throwing and shot-putting 
were indulged in, but in a modified form. . Occasionally a 
party of Indians would display their prowess in_hatchet- 
throwing in the direction of the white man’s camp. ‘There- 
upon, the settlers would come out and do the shot-put.* 
This, however, was a rough game at best and fortunately 
but seldom practiced. There was but little betting on 
_Cleveland’s early sporting events. At the same time it is 
related that there was a pool behind Carter’s tavern that 
became such a nuis- 
ance that it had to 
be closed. 
Cleveland may 
well be proud of the 


fleetness of foot of 


her athletic sons, as 
amateur and pro- 
fessional world’s 
records have been 
made here. John- 
son, a professional, 
sprinted one hun- 
dred yards in g 4-5 seconds on July 31, 1886, and “ Billy”’ 
Stage, an amateur, went just as far and just as fast on 
September 2, 1893. Ezekiel Thompson claims to have 
made the distance 1n five seconds on December 21, 1803, 
when chased by a band of Seneca Indians. Although Zeke 
undoubtedly ran to beat the band his claim has never been 
allowed.*+ 

Ever since Moses Cleaveland sailed into the river in 
1796 and into the Indians a little later, yachting { has been 


*** Ringing the Bell,’’ by Paul North. 
+ ‘‘Long Runs I Have Known,”’ by Manager A. F. Hartz. 
{t‘‘Tacks and Tillers,’ by Commodore Percy W. Rice. 


a popular pastime in the Forest City. The first boating 
organization was the Ivanhoe Boat Club, which was founded 
in 1855. Among its members were some crack oarsmen 
who formed a racing crew, and as Sandusky was the home 
of another such club, a match race was 
arranged. It took place on the Cuya- 
hoga river, July 4, 1855, and after an 
exciting contest the Ivanhoes won by 
their stronger pull. A few years later 
river racing had to be abandoned owing 
to the strength of the current. There 
was but little current, it is true, but 
what there was, was real strong. 
Cleveland caught the baseball fever 
early and its temperature is still high. The first match 
game was played here in 1865, when the Penfields of Ober- 
lin defeated the Forest Citys by the score of 68 to 28.* 
The local team, however, soon acquired the “peeled eye”’ 
and the “glued mit,’ and became recognized as daisies of 
the diamond. An amusing incident+ is told of one of the 
first local games. It seems that the Forest City’s were 
crippled by the absence of the reg- 
ular catcher and the manager adver- 
tised for another. A stranger applied 
for the position and was employed. 
In the last inning of the game the 
score was three to nothing in favor of 
the opposing team. One hit was 
made and two bases on balls were given with two men out. 
Then the new catcher stepped to the plate. The crowd 
implored him to make a hit. Hemadeit. Over the right 


* From J. F. Kilfoyl’s.‘‘ Fouls and Flies.”’ 
+ From D. H. Kimberley’s ‘‘ Stacks of Stories.” 


fielder’s head the ball flew and the three men on bases ran 
home. The excitement was terrific. Everybody was stand- 
ing and shouting. Even the ticket-seller, attracted by the 
noise, left his post and came to see what the cause of the 
excitement could be. On sped the new catcher to third 
base. The right fielder had recovered the ball and he 
threw it home. But the new man was there before it. He 
didn’t even stop at the plate, but kept on running. Straight 
through the ticket office he sped without stopping —and 
the last seen of him he was still running with a black box 
containing the receipts of the game under his arm. 

It is generally supposed 
that football * as now played 
is a game of modern origin. 
The following account, how- 
ever, if true, would seem to 
indicate that the sport was 
in vogue at the end of the 
eighteenth century. It isa 
description of a contest be- 
tween the early settlers who 
had learned the game at 
Yale and the Indians of Western Reserve. The account 


was sawed out of the sporting edition of a souvenir number 
of the Daily Tomahawk, printed on birch bark. Here 
Ttsis': 

Ye firste game of footeball played in ye hamlet of 
Cleaveland was between ye Yales}+ of New Haven and ye 
Western Reserves. Ye balle was passed backe to Simon 


* A broken wing, 
A twisted ear, 
A busted slat — 
Football is here. 
—From Poems of the Pigskin. 


+ ‘‘Sons of Old Eli,” by the McBride Brothers, Herbert. and Malcolm. 


Jordan, who was tackled by Strong Dog and downed for a 


losse. ‘Thereupon ye Indians gave their yelle: 


“Ugh! Ugh! Ugh! 
Ugh! Ugh! Ugh! 
Ugh! Ugh! Ugh! 

Ugh!” 


Then ye Reserves got ye balle and Red Eye passed it 
backe to Black Eagle, who flew down ye field for a gain. 
Then Bad Axe cut his way through ye line for ten yards. 
Nexte, Goose Grease warmed uppe and ran down ye field 
for fifteen more.- Then Old 
Hoss snorted and trotted to 
ye five yard line. There- 
upon Hot Foot stepped 
over fora touchdown. Soon 
after this a wrangle arose on 
account of ye Reserves’ 
tricke playe. It appeareth 
that Big Son stood upon ye 
shoulders of Strong Dog, 
and Sore Tooth climbed upon Big Son’s shoulders. And 
then Old Hoss, Goose Grease, Black Eagle, Hot Foot, 
Bad Axe, Red Eye and Sick Crow, formed a steeple ten 
men high. ‘Then Lame Buzzard passed ye balle to Strong 
Dog who handed it up to Big Son, whereat it ascended 
until it reached ye claws of Sick Crow. Thereat ye whole 
bunch fell forward, making a gaine of twenty yards or 
thereabouts. While ye dispute was waxing warm, Sick Crow 
flew off with ye balle and thereupon ye game stopped, ye- 


score being nothynge for Yale while ye Reserves had twelve 


points and ye balle. 
This is ye firste tyme Western Reserve hath beaten Yale. 


PCHAPTHR XTX. 


HONORING THE FOUNDER. 


O many years since Moses came 
flave slowly lapsed away ; 
We've added fame unto his name— 


Altho’ we dropped his A. 
—From the ‘‘ Sonnet of the Statue.’’ 


HE Early Settlers’ Association had for some time 
contemplated a suitable memorial in honor of the 
Founder of the City. In 1880 it was decided that 

this memorial should take the form of a statue. Backed 
by the personal efforts of citizen Harvey Rice, the proposed 
memorial at length became an enduring reality. The statue, 
modeled from traditions of the surveyor-founder’s personal 
appearance,* aided by a miniature portrait, was ready for 
unveiling in the southwest section of the Public Square + 
on July 23, 1888.{ That day the annual proceedings of 
the Early Settlers held in Music Hall, were followed by 
the dedicatory exercises. A procession, five hundred strong, 
marched to the Square, where, in an eminently dignified and 


*‘*The Old Familiar Faces,’? by Fred Ives. 
+ ‘Squares and Their Sections,” by Prof. Solomon Weimer. 
t This year is also famous for the only appearance in public of the Clover Club 


Minstrels. See file of Lyceum Theatre programmes, 
8 


appropriate manner, the heroic figure of the Founder was 
unveiled amid shouts of enthusiasm from the vast crowd of 
interested spectators. 

Late in the evening of the same day Mr. Terry Dugan, 
a citizen of some note in political circles,” entertained a 
choice party of personal friends in the rooms of the Pretzel 
Club with the following historical resume :} | 

Gineral Moses Cleaveland, on 
the twinty-sicond of July, siven- 
teen hundred and ninety-six, at 
chew p. m., shtandard, discovered 
the Western Reserve, and those 
that say that Grover Cleveland ¢ 
done it don’t know. Grover was 
most likely fishin’. | Mose wint 
to Yale College, a school fer byes 
in New Haven, but he didn’t seem satisfied, so he came to 
the Western Reserve. Mose knew a good thing! 

The Connicticut Ligislature** said, ‘ Mose,” it said, 
‘“‘we want you to go out and find Cleveland.” 

“It was careless to lose it,” says Mose, “but never 


moind, don’t worry, it’s as good as founded.” 

So he took his grip and his commission — he got it from 
a Hartford commission merchant —and he shtarted out to 
find the sivinth largest city in the United Shtates of America, 
bar none! You would tink, it bein’ such a large city, that 
some one would have founded it before. Well, onyway, 
as they were goin’ by Euclid Beach Park, Mose said, ‘“‘Byes,”’ 
he says, ‘‘there’s a lot of real eshtate around here, and as 
yez have certainly been good to me I'll divvy. Moike,” 


* Howe on ‘‘ The Hlimination of Ward Heelers.”’ 

+ For further historical resume consult shelves of Public Librarian Brett. 

| Grover Cleveland, a well-known angler, sometime President of the United States. 
§ ‘‘ Fishing as.a Fine Art,’ by J. M. Curtiss, President of the Periwinkle Club. 

*% ‘“T egislators I Have Known,’’ by W. R. Hopkins. 


he says to the first mate,* ‘“‘ Moike, yez can have the rise 
of ground over there. That’s Euclid Heights.” 

“ll take no bluff,” says Moike. 

Just then the lookout took his Warner-and-Schwazey 
binoculators from his eyes and schniffed. Then he schnifted 
agin and says, ‘“‘ We’re near there!” 

“* How do you know?” says Mose. 

“A signal sint from the Cuyahoga,” says the lookout. 

Mose caught the scint and says, “We'll get off. at 
Gordon’s Park. After we have dinner at the Roadside+ 
we'll take a run down to the University Club. . They tell 
me that they have such a foine chef that when Minister Wu 
Ting Fang { ate his scolloped rats, a Ja bazoo, he curtiusly 
remarked to Profissor Curtis that they were simply rodent- 
ious !’’’ 

So they got off and the first thing they seen was a red 
Injin runnin’ down the Lake Shore drive.§ 

“What’s he runnin’ down the drive for?” says Mose. 
“{ don’t see onything the matter 
wid it.”’ 

“ Holy Moses, is that you!”’ 
says the Injin. 

“Well, who did you think it 
was, says Mose, “Sinator 
Hanna?” 

And the Injin laughed so hard 
that the paint fell off his face in flakes. 

“Me and Tommy Hawk,” says the Injin, ‘was over 
here on the links playin’ golluf whin we seen yez comin’. 


How did yez leave the folks?” 


*** When I Met My First Mate,’’ by Capt. J. C. Gilchrist. 
+ ‘* Recollections of the Roadside,’”’ by Calvary Morris. 

t An Oriental jollier, author of ‘‘ How to Handle a Cue.” 
§ ‘‘ Long Drives,’’ by Sterling Beckwith. 


“By boat,” says Mose. And wid that they wint arm 
in arm across the Boulevard to Wade’s Park. Suddenly 
Mose looked up and says, ‘* Who 1s it ?” 

“Why, that’s Ollover Perry,” says the Injin. ‘“ He 
fought in the bloody war.’’* 

“Well, if that’s the case,”’ says Mose, “let’s be glad it’s 
all over.” And two co-eds, who were rubberin’, fell out of 
the sicond shtory window of Clark 
Hall. 

Whin they got to the intrance 
where yez go out a motor car 
wint by. 

“Where does that go?” says 
Mose. 

“That goes,” says the Injin, ‘ where Everett pleases.” 

And at that momint a pair o’ bunches of bucherful 
buildin’s+ loomed up across the Avenoo ferninsht thim, 
and all the windows in all the buildin’s flew up at wanst, 
and this is what came out: | 


‘“ Hoo Rah! Ki Rah! 
Foo Foo Apollusai ! 
Hot! Hot! Atat! Rah! Rah! 
Case / 
Reserve /”’ 


And thin Mose knew it was a Case of discoverin’ 
Reserve ! 


* Consult ‘‘Campaigning in Porto Rico,’”’ by Gen. Geo. A. Garretson. 
+See ‘‘Some Other Buildings,’’ by J. Hartness Brown. 


CHA RH Re oxs 


WENO EN GSU he TE CEN PU RY: 


Tho’ the smoke ts thick and the river ts strong, 
Wherever they may roam 
The sons of Cleveland sing the song : 


‘* There ain’t no place like home.’’ 
—From Ballads of Home Week. 


N the twenty-second of July, 1896, Cleveland 
finished her first century run, and because of her 
unusually brilliant record* it was decided that a 

celebration + of seven weeks’ duration should commemorate 
it. The Early Settlers’ Association at a meeting held July 
22, 1893, took the first steps and the Chamber of Com- 
merce, { the City Council and many progressive citizens 
helped to push the good thing along. Citizen Wilson M. 
Day was made director-general of the celebration, and the 
list of subordinate officials included a large percentage of 
the names in the commercial agency rating books and most 
of the city directory. 

Sunday morning, July 19th, the Centennial was officially 

* Probate and Other Records,” by Judge Henry C. White. 


ft ‘‘Orations and Celebrations,’’ by Virgil P. Kline. 
t For further particulars consult Secretary F. A. Scott. 


opened —the chimes of Trinity doing their best to crack 
it open.* The following day Camp Moses Cleaveland on 
the Perkins’ Farm was dedicated, but as there was a drizzling 
rain during the services the dedication was attended by little 
more than a sprinkling. 

Wednesday, July 22, was the hundredth birthday of the 
city and Cleveland never looked better. It is true that her 
complexion was not as pure as in her earlier days, and the 
Purity League attributed this to excessive smoking,y but 
the city seemed sooted, as she smoked more than ever. As 
soon as the time-ball on the Arcade indicated that it was 
Wednesday morning, a salute of one hundred guns was 
fired to tell that the city’s birthday 
had arrived. The bells also tolled 
it and the whistles blew about it. 

At four a. m., Governor Coffin, 
with a large party on an incoming 
train, was awakened by the terrific 
noise and arrived in a state of wild 
excitement from the State of mild 
Connecticut. He asked the station-master what the noise 
was about and the latter replied that it was about one hun- 
dred years after the birth of the city. 

“But do you always make these demonstrations on such 
occasions?” asked Governor Coffin. | 

“We have so far,” replied the placid station-master. 

Cleveland had good grounds for thinking her birthday 
a success, for among her presents was part of the Rocke- 
feller grounds, consisting of 270 acres of land for park and 
boulevard purposes. 

One of the features of the celebration was the compe- 


* See Edward A. Roberts’ ‘‘ History of the Centennial Celebration.” 
+ ‘‘Great Smokers I Have Attended,"’ by Fire Chief Wallace. 


tition for the Centennial Ode prize. The following lines,* 
although they did not secure the award, picture Cleveland’s 
race with the other cities in such a vivid and thrilling style 
that they are herewith deemed worthy of publication for 
the first and only time :+ 

“It’s just a hundred years ago thet Cleveland jined the 
race. She was such a little critter thet she toddled in last 
place. But she moved along so stiddy thet when eighteen- 
fifty came she was twenty-sixth an’ growin’, and a-reachin’ 
out for fame. Say, she skipped along so chipper thet no 
chance ter grow was missed, till twenty years of increase 
put her eighteenth on the list. An’ she pranced by Jersey 
City, an’ by Washington she flew; she left Buffalo, Detroit, 
Louisville an’ Pittsburg, too. An’ she kept a-goin’ faster 
— New Orleans she passed, and then, ? 
when they came to take the census, she nn 
was known as number ten. San Fran- 
cisco got the go-by; Cincinnati tried 


to grow, but our Cleveland snatched her 

title —‘ Biggest town in Ohio.’ Old St. Louis won’t be 
in it; Baltimore we soon will pass; we’ll beat Boston ’fore 
she knows it; then ter jine the fastest class. Cleveland’s at 
the seventh figger. Up to fust place will she climb? Tho’ 
New York’s a durn sight bigger, Cleveland’s young yit — 
give her time.” 

In 1900 some progressive citizens conceived an idea 
and called it Home Week.{ The Business Men’s League 
promoted it§ and the result was a success beyond all ex- 
pectation. The idea was to bring back as many former 
residents of Cleveland as possible and to show them that 


*Compare ‘‘ Lines I Have Reeled Off,” by John H. Farley. 

+See W. H. Gaylord, President of the Rowfant Club, for other rare publications. 
{trom ‘‘Happy Thoughts,”’ by E. W. Doty. 

§ ‘“‘ Promoting as a Fine Art,’’ by Ryerson Ritchie. 


the old home ain’t what it used to be. Accordingly, Octo- 
ber 5-8 was set aside for the celebration, and invitations and 
notices were sent out, and flags and free-lunch placards were 
hung out, and electric and keep-off-the-grass signs were 
arranged, and white pillars and peanut stands were put up. 
Arrangements were made to have a big time and have it all 
the time, and the arrangements were carried out in every 
detail. 

Carnival night was the star feature of the celebration. 
The masquerade held on Superior street was the gayest 
event in the city’s history and the crowd was so dense that 
when anybody forced his way into it at Bond street he 
forced someone else out at Water street. 

And when the celebration was over and the confetti was 
swept up, everybody who had participated in the events of 
the Week undoubtedly shared in the opinion of the poet 


who said: 


Of all good times in every year 
That serve to bring to us good cheer — 
Which to our hearts ts now most dear ? 


Home Week. 


VU’hat reunites the best of friends, 

And makes us sorry when it ends, 

Because towards all that’s gay it tends ? 
Flome Week. 


Lach Home-Week guest will promplly know 
That Cleveland’s like a three-ring show, 


And to his own town he will go 
Flome Weak ! 


1850. 


1852. 


ogre 


CEPA PelH Rec 1: 


UP-TO-DATE. 


1850-1901. 


May your troubles be the lightest / 
May your sons prove ever true! 
May your future be the brightest / 
Dear old Cleveland — here's to you / 
—From the rejected rhymes of an unknown poet. 


January 4— Agitation for new city hall begins. 
Still agitating. 

March 16 — The City Council enjoys its first junket. 
A bad precedent established.* 

March 17— Louis Kossuth visits the city. All the 
Hungarians celebrate St. Patrick’s Day. 

September 1— First State Fair in Cleveland 1s 
opened. Choice collection of pigs, pumpkins and 
Rubes. A right smart show, b’gosh! 

April 8 — First session of police court. Fine time. 
September 4— P. T. Barnum lectures on “’Temp- 
erance”’ in Ohio City. Very dry effort. 

October 5 — National Women’s Rights Convention 
in Melodeon Hall. Masculine Clevelanders look 
apprehensive. 


*“ What I Know About City Councils,’’ by T. H. Hogsett. 


1854. 


1856. 


1856. 


February 1— First fancy dress ball. Waltz me 
again, George! 

February 6 — Local Y. M.C. A. organized. Good 
thing! ; 

April 3 Citizens vote on question of annexing 
Ohio City. Carried. No cards. 

May 24— Daring daylight robbery. The Canal 
Bank looted of $4,500, some of it real money.* 
May 4— First steam fire-engine tried in the city 
throws a stream over the Weddell House. Com- 
mittee decides it comes too high. 


June 1— First white murderer hanged. Omic will 
have company. 

July 21 — First Bar Banquet. A good legal practice 
established. 

January 9—Coldest day in’ city’s history — 17.5 
below zero. No plumbers to enjoy it. 

August 9 — The Ark is abandoned. The animals 
scatter and the old craft is Noah more. 


October 27 — City’s biggest fire — the New England 


* ‘Karly Financial Struggles of:the Middle West,’’ by Col. Myron T. Herrick. 


1856. 


1857. 


1858. 


1869. 


1860. 


Hotel and other buildings destroyed. A hot old 
time ! 

December 30 — Public Square is fenced in. Post 
no, bills! 

September 24— Unknown miscreants steal John 
Barr’s Valparaiso squashes. More police needed. 
February 15— Pioneer Society established. Early 
records to be preserved. ‘T’hey will go way back. 
April 10— First council page, F. B. Stedman, re- 
signs his ofice. Coun- 
cil turns over a new 
leaf. 

July 4— Cleveland’s 
first balloon ascension. 
The ascent 1s made by 
Mons. Godard, a. ris- 
ing aeronaut. — 
February 15 — Grand 
Feast of the Second 
Full Moon, Sons of 
Malta, for the benefit 
of the city poor. High 
jinks ! 

June 14— Eleventh | 
National Saengerfest is held in the city. Gesund- 
heit! Nocheinmal ! 

October 25—City Council authorizes Kinsman 
street railroad company to begin operations, and the 
company proceeds to make tracks. 

July 28— Old Court House on the Square sold at 
auction for $60. Gone and soon forgotten. 
September 10 — Forty-seventh anniversary of the 
Battle of Lake Erie. Perry’s statue unveiled. 


1861. 


1862. 


1863. 


1864. 


1865. 


1866. 


February 15 — President-elect Abraham Lincoln 
visits the city on his way to Washington. 

October 25 — First telegraph despatch from San 
Francisco. Considered a great improvement over 
the wireless system. 

February 12—Sinking Fund established. We've 
got money in the bank. 

November 11 — City’s first steam fire-engine arrives. 
Now bring on your fires. 

January 2—System of paying firemen established. 
No pay, no play.. 

May 14—Old Exchange Hotel burns. Used as 
pail factory. Cleveland’s first bucket-shop. 
February 22— Northern 
Ohio Sanitary Fair opens. 
October 22—F ire alarm , 
system completed. Ding, © 
ding-ding, ding! What 
box is it? 

April 3 — Rejoicing over the news of the fall of 
Richmond. 

September 23 — First match game of baseball. Pen- 
fields of Oberlin 68, Forest Citys 28. Killthe umpire! 
October 17— First public hospital, St. Vincent’s, is 
established. : 

June 20— Camp Gilbert Fishing Club dedicates its 
grounds at mouth of Euclid Creek. Lots of bait 
uncorked.* 

August 25 — Dexter breaks trotting record at Cleve- 
land’s first horse fair. Fastest heat, 2.323. Gittap! 
November 10— Union Depot opened. When 


Reuben comes to town! 


* Compare ‘‘On the Trail of the Tarpon,’’ by J. C. Trask. 


1867. 


1868. 


1869. 


1870. 


1S... 


1872. 


May 14— Powder mill explodes. Wouldn’t that 
jar you! 

June 1 — Cleveland Driving Park opens. They’re 
off ! 

November 19 — Edward Payson Weston walks into 
town. Step lively, please. 

May 5—First production of Drummer Boy at 
Forest City Rink. Amateurs revive the terrors of 
the war. 

November 16— Hanlon Brothers introduce first 
bicycle into the city. ‘They came high then. 
February 18 — Public Library opens. Great rush 
for books. He who runs may read. 

May 14—First dog 
pound is dedicated. 
Listen to the moaning of 
the tied. 

October 4— Northern 
Ohio Fair opens. Right 
this way to the big show! 
October 20—Severe 
earthquake shock. Everybody rattled. 


February 6— Workhouse opens. An unpopular 
resort. 

December 5 — National Chess Congress. It’s your 
move. 

October 25 —First appearance of epizootic dis- 
temper. Nothing but horseless carriages. 
November 19 — East Cleveland and part of Brook- 
lyn annexed. Let ’em all come! 

December 30 —“ Dickens’ Social” at Case Hall. 
Citizen M. A. Hanna assumes the role of “ Mr. 
Bumble” and makes his mark. 


7 2 


1874. 


1077252 


1876. 


1877. 


1579. 


1880. 


September 
16—New- 
burg 1s taken 
Beira! Wetisy abs 
Cleveland. 
March 2— 
Waterworks 
tunnel completed and the water works through. 
April 29 — High wind blew down flag staff on the 
Square —it played “Falstaff” in the ‘ “Tempest.” 
September 6 — Euclid Avenue Opera House opens 
“Say, gimme two in de gallery, please.” 

January 1— Centennial New Year’s Day opens with 
enthusiasm. Call again ! 

July 27 — Smuggler trots five best consecutive ere 


on record. Not so slow! 

January 26 — Citizen Charles F. Brush exhibits his 
electric light. It shines for all. 

February 1— Art Club organized. Miss Cleveland 


no longer artless. 


July 25 — The telephone is installed. Hello! 


August 13 — First prize baby show. Choice assort- 
ment of fine kids. 

September 3—Central High School dedicated. 
Finest in the land. 

December 27 — Viaduct is completed. Its cost is 
great, but the public will get over it. 

February 24— First production*of Pinafore. 
“Goodness me! what was that?” 

April 29 — Public Square lighted by electricity. <A 
bright idea. 

March 4— Great storm. The wind it blew quite 
windy. 


1880. 


1881. 


1882. 


Pe 


1884. 


1887. 


March 20—— New City Armory opens with charity 
ball. 

November 9 — Cleveland Canoe Club 1s organized. 
Paddle your own. 

September 3——Case School of Applied Science 
opens. Hoo Rah! Ki Rah! 

November 12——Great landslide along Walworth 
Run. West Side real estate takes a drop. 
November 16 — Euclid Avenue Roller Rink opens 
and everybody wants to see the wheels go round. 
September 11 — The Council accepts Wade Park. 
The Zoo comes later. 

October 26——Adelbert College is dedicated. O 
sketlioi | 

February 4—— Great flood 
along the river. The 
Cuyahoga gets out of its 
bed, and the citizens 
have trouble in putting it 
back. 

July 30-——- Maud S. breaks mile trotting record at 
Glenville Track. Time 2.0834. 

September 7— Great fire on the flats. Cleveland 


badly singed and scared. 

October 27 — Case School burns. Too much caloric 
and not enough H,O. 

November 8 — Music Hall is dedicated. Oh, listen 
to the band! 

March 8— New building of W. R. U. Medical 
College opens. Have patience, boys. 

April 23— Press Club celebrates anniversary of 
Shakespeare’s birth. Good digestion waits on ap- 
petite. , 


1888. 


1889. 


1890. 


1894. 
1896. 


1900. 


19Ol. 


July 23— Unveiling of statue of Moses Cleave- 
land. It’s on the Square. 

September 7—College for Women established. 
This way, girls. 

June 30 — First electric motor runs over East Cleve- 
land railroad tracks. Look out for the cars!— 
Academy of Music burns. Goodbye, Old Drury. 
October 15— Pan-American delegates arrive. 
Strike up the band, here comes a Senor! 

January 4— La Grippe 1s here! 

May 30— Garfield monument is dedicated. 

July 4— Dedication of Soldiers’ and Sailors’ monu- 
ment. 

July 22—Cleveland closes her first century. A 
strong finish. 

October 5—Home Week celebration begins. 
Howdy, everybody? 

December 31 — Cleveland winds up the Nineteenth 
century. So does Berea and all the other towns. 
April 1— Municipal election. Citizen Tom L. 
Johnson elected Mayor. 


This brings our civic ship of state 
Within the harbor calm 

That fronts the port of Up-to-date — 
And likewise up to Tom! 


From those who made this little book 
a wealth of thanks are due ; 
To those whose sympathetic aid 


has helped the project through. 


SPECIAL, ACKNOWLEDGMENT 
VM DIAS gy Bash 
USP OL MAN Oi mee laa) TIPU L COLS 
WIT INGLE SA G£,S 
IS \HEREBY GRATEFULLY MADE TO 
AD Pei lAN DAE eo WAY COMPANY. 


W. E. BYRNES, PRES. AND MGR. W. D. HUNT, vice pres. E. C. McKay, secy. AND TREAS. 


THE OHIO RUBBER CO. 


204-6 Superior St., 77-9 Long St. 


RUBBER 


OF ALL KINDS and ALL YOU WANT. 


MECHANICAL RUBBER GOODS. 
WATER PROOF CLOTHING. LEATHER AND CANVAS BELTING. 
RUBBER FOOTWEAR. DRUGGISTS’ SUNDRIES. 


Where is the building large and fair 
That’s quickly reached from anywhere — 
Whose site is quite beyond compare? 
THE-NEW, CEN PER; 


Where do the shoppers love to shop, 
Where do they find the goods tip-top, 
Where next time are they sure to stop? 


THEONEW CEN TER 


di 
dase 

ute 

ee . 


rs 
VP = 


— en FH SSS ek 


Where is each office clean and light, 
Where everything is managed right, 
So work becomes a deal more bright? 


THE NEW CENTER. 


Whereis this building named “The Rose?” 
Each business man and shopper knows 


It’s where the stream called “Trade” now flows— 


THE NEW: CENTER; 


OFFICERS. 


W. D. B. AVEXANDER, 
President. 
WORCESTER R. WARNER, 
Vice President. 
EDWARD S. PAGE, 
Vice President, 


CAPITAL, 


$200,000 


Che Caxton Birlding Prospect and Buren Streets 


DIRECTORS. 


Ww. D. B. ALEXANDER, 
President The National Screw and Tack Co. 


LUTHER ALLEN, 
President The Bankers National Bank. 


GENERAL, JAMES BARNETT, | 
President The First National Bank. 


S. M. BOND, 
Director of The Root and McBride Co. 


F. H. GOFF, 
Kline, Carr, Tolles and Goff. 
W. H. LAMPRECHT, 
President The Lamprecht Bros. Co., Bankers. 


EDWARD S. PAGE, 


Vice-President The Cleveland Wire Spring Co. 


BENJAMIN ROSE, 
President The Cleveland Provision Co. 


' WORCESTER R. WARNER, 


WILLIAM F. KYLE, | 
Secretary, and Treasurer. 
JUDD H. CLARK, 
Assistant Secretary and Treasurer, 


SURPLUS, 


$50,000 


CHARLES SHACKLETON, * 
Treasurer The Shackleton Co. 


J. H. SHEADLE, 
Secretary The Cleveland Cliffs Iron Co. 


FRANKLIN G. SMITH, 
President and Gen. Manager The Osborn 
Mfg. Co. 


MARTIN SNIDER, 
The Standard Oil Co. 
President The Snider Hughes Co. 


JAMES C. WALLACE, 
Gen. Mgr. The American Ship Building Co. 


President The Warner and Swasey Co. 


RavC. ow REECE. 
Vice-President the American ‘Trust Co. 


MANAGEMENT. 


The strength and safety of a Bank depend 
upon the character of the men who man- 
age its affairs. Both are assured this insti- 
tution, in the integrity and success of its 
officers and directors. 


BANKING DEPARTMENT. 


This department is adequately equipped for 
handling accounts of every branch of care- 
ful and conservative banking. 


SAVINGS DEPARTMENT. 


Four per cent. interest paid on savings 
accounts. We extend to depositors of small 
sums, every facility of our institution, and 
extend to them a cordial welcome. 


Che Caxton Savings and Banking Conmany 


BRANCH BANKS. 
These banks for home use, encourage small 
savings. They are loaned to depositors of 
$1.00 or more, 


LADIES ACCOUNTS. 
A parlor is provided especially for ladies, 
with the services of a stenographer for 
purposes of correspondence, and any infor- 
mation desired most cheerfully given. 
Crisp new bills are always paid in exchange 
for their checks. 


FOREIGN EXCHANGE. 


Foreign drafts and circular letters of credit 
are issued available in all points through- 
out the world. 


ONE FARE FREE GATE NO BEER 


EUCLID BEACH :::: FOREST Cire 


Both of these Beautiful Parks are owned by 


THE. HOM ER Bay SPO see ieee 


The ownership is guarantee enough. 


OUR SPECIALTIES 


Humphrey Pop Corn 
Buttered Pop Corn Balls 
Pure Cream Candy and Ice Cream 


OuR STANDS: 


Euclid at Square 
Euclid at Ontario 
Euclid at Wade Park 
Euclid Beach Park 
Forest City Park 


Implements of our own invention (which we use in the most successful business of its 
kind in the world), FOR SALE. 


NoTE—Many of the beautiful views in this book are scenes from Euclid Beach, the finest public park in America. 


PERMANERE FINISHES 


MAKE NO MISTAKE: YOU WON'T iF you DO 


YOU WILL IF vou DON’T 


USE 


~/TLASTS. 


FOR FLOORS INTERIOR WOODWORK DOORS VESTIBULES BATH ROOMS LINOLEUM ETC 
Used by the best woodfinishers For sale by leading dealers 
MANUFACTURED By THE CLEVELAND VARNISH CO 
‘““THE MODERN HOME AND How TO FINISH IT’’—Free for the asking 


TAB OA RA Osha aeagve tT NaG 


Is easily mastered ; once learned, it becomes an instinct. 
Open a savings account here and lay by a little something regularly. 
Start with One Dollar or so and get a home bank. 


Make it a rule to deposit some amount, no matter how small, into it every day. 
You will be surprised and delighted to see how quickly the little sums grow to dollars. 
We pay 4% interest on savings. 


THE AMERICAN TRUST COMPANY 
AMERICAN TRUST BUILDING, PUBLIC SQUARE CLEVELAND 


Oph Hal (Con R IS): 
JOSEPH C. GILCHRIST, President. 
FRANK W. HART, Vice President. 
FRANK M. OSBORNE, Vice President. 
GEORGE F. CLEWELL, Sec’y and Treas. 


st TSIEN, 


CAPITAL $1,500,000. 


THE BURT & PACKARD 


“KROBRECT) SHAPE SHOE 


Is original and snappy in style and correct in every detail, 
such as you find in only high-priced custom boots and in the 
B. & P. ‘‘Korrect Shape.’’ We are now showing all the 
latest creations in Spring Oxfords and have them just 


= ae Dy, tight for $3.50 and $4.00. 
3 ‘‘Korrect Shape”’ Boot Shop, 
82 EUCLID AVE., 


E. B. MARSHALL, Manager. 


FAHEY & CO 


THE CENTRAL . frm HERBERT WRIGHT & £0 
NATIONAL BANK emer ln ack cn 


CLEVELAND OHIO 


| $3.50-$4.00 \\, 


NS 


TRADE MARI 


IOIO-I0I15 WILLIAMSON BUILDING 


TELEPHONES: 
Capital $800,000 Main 2754—(Private Branch Exchange ) 
Bes dene, oie ante fg : 
Cuyahoga A 686 
Surplus and Profits . | 300,000 


Every possible facility for conducting 


ded SULEIVAN tesident a Brokerage business in 


E W OGLEBAY Vice President 
C A PAINE Cashier Pees OGKS ae 


L J CAMERON Ass’t Cashier MeHOIN DI SeeG AN 
PROVISIONS ann COTTON 


WESTERN RESERVE BUILDING. 


COMPLIMENTS OF THE 
CLARENCE BUILDING, 


124 EKuciip AVENUE. 


The Cleveland Brass and 
lron Bedstead Company 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Malleable Iron and Steel Bedsteads 


Guaranteed for 25 years 
. . FOR SALE BY ALL FIRST CLASS DEALERS . . 
CLEVELAND OHIO 


“Che Famous’ 


Ready-to-Wear-Zlothing 
Suits and Overcoats 
$10.00, $12.00 and $15.00. 


Crousers 
$3.00, $4.00 and $5.00. 


Carefully and Properly Fitted to you. 


Style, Fabric and Make, the 
Best that Money Can Buy. 


147 EUCLID AVENUE, 


Next door to Star Theatre. 


W. H. MULDREW, Mgr. 


W. H. Ross, 


President and Treasurer. 


L. S. Rossins, 


Secretary. 


UYAHOGA 


OAL 


OMPANY 


PROSPECT STREET, 


Cor. SHERIFF. 


BELL AND CUYAHOGA 


‘TELEPHONES. 


Wire Sewinc Macnuine Company, 
Cloveland. O. 


CAPITAL $1,500,000 SURPLUS $1,000,000 
DEPOSITS $9,000,000 


THE 
SAVINGS AND JRUST 


COMPANY 


44 EUCLID AVENUE 
CLEVELAND, OHIO 


D LEUTY, PRESIDENT 
H R NEWCOMB, VICE PRESIDENT 
H TIEDEMANN, VICE PRESIDENT 
J R NUTT, SEc’y & TREAS 
HS NEWBERRY, ASS’TSEC’y & TREAS 


4 PER CENT. INTEREST ON SAVINGS ACCOUNTS. 


The Commercial! 
National Bank... 


OF CLEVELAND 


CAPITAL $1,500,000 


SURPLUS 300,000 


CHAS A OTIS President 
JOSEPH COLWELL, Vice President 
WILLIAM P JOHNSON Cashier 


DIRECTORS 


DAN P EELLS 
D Z NORTON 
R R RHODES 
W B SANDERS 


CHAS A OTIS 
FAYETTE BROWN 
JOSEPH COLWELL 
E R PERKINS 
WM P JOHNSON 


BANKING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES 


FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND 
Dike. OF CRE DPT 


THE 
UNION NATIONAL 
BANK 


OF CLEVELAND 


GOVERNMENT DEPOSITARY 


CAPITAL $1,000,000 SURPLUS $300,000 


OFFICERS 
M A HANNA, PRESIDENT 
LEANDER McBRIDH, VICE PRESIDENT 
E H BOURNE, CASHIER 
E R FANCHER, ASSISTANT CASHIER 


DIRECTORS 


M A Hanna, Of M A Hanna & Co 
LEANDER MCBrRIpDp, Prest The Root & McBride Co 
F A STERLING, Of Sterling Welch & Co 
S W SESSIONS, Prest The Lamson & Sessions Co 
GEO H WORTHINGTON, Prest Cleveland Stone Co 
C A GRASSELLI, Prest Grasselli Chemical Co 
LEONARD SCHLATHER, Prest I) Schlather Brew. Co 
E J SILLER, Prest The Weideman Co 
EH Boorne, Prest The Bourne & Knowles Mfg Co 


MYRON T. HERRICK, 
PRESIDENT 


ALBERT L. WITHINGTON, 
TREASURER 


INCORPORATED 1849 


SOCIETY FOR SAVINGS 
IN THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 


Report of the condition of the ‘‘SocIETY FOR 
SAVINGS in the City of Cleveland,” in the State 
of Ohio, before the commencement of business, 
October 7, 1901. 


RESOURCES 

T.oans on Real Estate, - - $7,775,048.00 
Loans on United States Bonds, - 452,460.00 
I oans on other Stocks and - Bonds, - 4,817,317.85 
All other Loans, - - 159,000.00 
United States Bonds, par, - -  3,800,000.00 
State Bonds, par, - = = 76,000.00 
Other Bonds, - - - - 18,836,614.64 
Real Estate, - - - 964,407.48 
Expenses, . . - 26,911.89 
Due from Banks and Bankers, - 8,826,689.18 
Specie, - - 309, 849.36 

National Genk and U nited States Cur- 
rency, - = - 322,394.00 
All other Assets, - - - 1,558.58 
Total - - - $40,868, 250.93 

LIABILITIES 

Individual Deposits, - - $38,300, 972.85 
Undivided Profits, - - - 467,278.08 
Surplus Fund, - - : 2, 100,000.00 


Total - - - $40,868, 250.93 
Number of Open Accounts, - 62,442 


WEBER 
PIANOS 


[T is my wish, and that of the Opera Com- 
pany, that the Weber Piano shall be used 
at the Opera House next season as heretofore. 
The magnificent Concert Grands you sent us 
have more than confirmed the impression that 
in tone-quality, power, and carrying capacity 
the Weber has no superior in the world. The 
leading artists of the company have privately 
expressed to me their delight in the instruments 
furnished for their use, and it is the unanimous 
verdict that for concert work, as well as for ac- 
companying the voice in singing, the Weber 
Piano is unequalled. 
MAURICE GRAU, 
The Metropolitan Opera House, 
New York. 


MILTON R. SLOCUM 


| 47-49 Arcade, 
CLEVELAND, = OHIO. 


HeVibs W LEE co CO) 


GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS 


197 Superior St CLEVELAND O 


COMPANIES REPRESEN TED 


Aetna Insurance Co Hartford 
Phoenix Insurance Co Hartford 
Franklin Insurance Co Philadelphia 
London Insurance Co London 
Western Insurance Co Toronto 
National Standard New York 
Travelers Life and Accident Hartford 


EF . i SPECIAL PRIVATE WIRE TO 
urnis INOS NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 


For men must be right. | Eran fa BAKEK 


No guessing, no accident, 
but absolute correctness, | XN (2). 
by virtue of knowledge | 
of the business. 


We aim to give the best, SAO Ass 


to know what men want 


and to have it. You'll | GKAIN 


find it so. 


DRY.COODS CO: | ~ THE HOLLENDEN” 


Rose Building, Erie and Prospect Proves: MAIN M59, CLEVELAND, O 


ON AGAIN 
OUT AGAIN 
LIGHT AGAIN 
DARK AGAIN 


A.twist of the button does the business 


NO MATCHES 
NO DIRT 

NO ODOR 
NO DANGER 


We furnish estimates for doing all kinds of 
ELECTRIC LIGHTING 
LET US GIVE YOU AN ESTIMATE 


THeeC Lh EV ELAN DS Hier GR ies 
Pu LUMINATING ¢ COMPA Ss 


Cuyahoga Building 


HAVE YOU ANY MONEY? American Schoo! 


} 
DO YOU WANT MORE: Furniture Co 


TRY AN INVESTMENT IN 


MINING. SIMine Els | 5354 Rose Building 


AND OIL STOCKS ~ | 
ae Schoo! Furniture 


BROCKETT & BROCKETT = SCNOO! Supplies | 
ees and Apparatus 


PGOUG@LAS fhe bre on GO: 


ents ANDABROKERS Oi Co ands Gob CLARK 


210-211-212 CUYAHOGA BUILDING Sales Managers 


: | Perhaps it has the old, finger-soiling ink-joint ; 
Your F ountain Pen + you may have paid a high price; you use a filler. 

Two new forms without these objections and sold at moderate prices, are made and guar- 
anteed by A. A. WATERMAN & CO., N. Y. 


Pee Ce eee ea Vs ; 
THE SCHAUWEKER BROS. CO., JEWELERS AND OPTICIANS, 
18-20 Colonial Arcade Cleveland, Ohio 


mei be) EET AY 


Hanging eighteen inches in front of a 
donkey’s nose is a common sight in 
Italy. Smell of clover excites the 
donkey to action. 

How many men have thus been 
led around by the nose, so to speak, « 
in the matter of education. The 
promise of a position, a short course of study, or a cheap tuition 
rate isthe wisp of hay. Why waste time and money following a 
will-o-the-wisp? Is it not better to patronizean institution that has 
a reputation for thoroughness and success, and that is endorsed by 
prominent business men ? 

The Spencerian School was established in 1848, has had more 
than 36,000 students, and receives nearly 700 calls a year for office 
help. Call or write for catalogue. 


Spencerian Commercial School, 
475 to 491 EUCLID AVE. 


ee elt parce 
\WELLMAN-SEAVER- MORGAN 
ENGINEERING COMPANY 


CONSULTING ENGINEERS 


INC GENE RAL @PRACETGE 
AND 


MAR NG USA Gc] gear oan 


Specialists and experts in design and equipment of works 


for the economical production of 


LRON AND STEEL 


PRINCIPAL OFFICE AND WORKS 
eV Pee aN 1s - ORES bat 


S H NEEDS 
Secy & Treas 


W L RICE 
Vice Prest 


J B ZERBE 
President 


ORGANIZED IN 1867 


The Ohio and 


Pennsylvania Coal 


Company 


OPERATING MINES IN 


Ohio and Pennsylvania 


STEAM AND DOMESTIC COAL 


LAMPRECH T 
HOS eG, 


BAIN ERS afig BRON 


ELOY SUPERIOR “STKEET, 


MEMBERS OF 


New York Stock Exchange, 
Chicago Stock Exchange, 
Chicago Board of Trade, 
Cleveland Stock Exchange, 
Detroit Stock Exchange. 


Quotations Cheerfully and Promptly Furnished by 
Calling Our Private Tel. Branch Exchanges. 


BELL MAIN 916. CUY Ar SsZ23n 7 


THEA ERECH SROs. ee: 


Dealers in Municipal and Corporation Bonds and 
Other High Grade Investment Securities. 


GARRETT-CROMWELL 
ENGINEERING CO 


BLAST 
FURNACE 


puseey ea oe 


IN Lee 
RQGAELINSTGy AL AY 
ENGINEERS 


New Enctanpb BuILDING 


CLEVELAND, O 


[hates sce ears 
Ohio Mutual Savings 
and Loan Company 


Time Certificates of Deposit 
issued and in consideration 
of being payable only at a 
fixed time, will earn some- 
thing more than if kept sub- 


ject to demand. 


411 SOCIETY FOR SAVINGS 
BUILDING. 


Tre Brown Hoisting Machinery Co. 
CLEVELAND, OHIO, U.S. A 


Manufacturers of Special Machinery for Hoisting, Conveying, Storing 
and Handling Material of all kinds, under the 
well-known ‘“Brownhoist’” Patents. 


ORE HANDLING MACHINERY for handling ore from vessels, docks and cars. 90% 
of the iron ore output on the Great Lakes is handled by machinery of our design and con- 
struction. 

COAL HANDLING MACHINERY for handling coal from vessels, docks and cars. 
Our Coal CAR DUMPING MACHINE will dump from cars (car load at a time), put into 
vessels, and trim 5,000 tons of coal in ten hours without breakage. 

FURNACE HOIST AND STOCK DISTRIBUTOR for the automatic charging of blast 
furnaces, doing away with top fillers. 

MACHINERY FOR HANDLING STRUCTURAL WORK, MARINE PLATES, etc., 
in shipbuilding yards. 

FLOATING CRANES for ship and navy yards. 

CRANES OF ALL KINDS, Electric, Steam and Hand Power. 

THREE MOTOR ELECTRIC TRAVELLERS. 

ELECTRIC TRANSFER TABLES. 

OVERHEAD TRAMRAIL AND TROLLEY ‘EQUIPMENTS, ETC. 

CANTILEVER CRANES (Chicago Drainage Canal Design). These Cranes hold the 
World’s Record for such work as to quantity handled and cost of same. 


MACHINERY of our design and construction is in use in all the principal lake ports 
and on the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts, by the leading Railroad and Dock Companies, also 
in all the principal Ship and Navy Yards, and in the chief Iron and Steel Works in the 
United States. 


Plants of our design are now in operation and being erected in Russia, Austria, 
Germany and England. 


Main Office and Works: Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A. 


EASTERN OFFICE: PITTSBURG OFFICE: EUROPEAN OFFICE: 
26 Cortland St., Carnegie Building, 39 Victoria St., 
NEW YORK CITY. PITTSBURG, PA. LONDON, S. W. 


Cable Address: ‘‘Brownhoist,’’ Cleveland, New York and London. 
Telegraphic Address of London Office: ‘‘Shovelling,’’ London. 
Codes used: Liebers, A B C, Engineering Telegraph, Al and Directory 


R. W. GAMMEL 


eee LA Hits © Bier ao 


LADIES’ FINE FUR GARMENTS 


FURS REMODELED FURS STORED 
( Cuy. C 1805 
PHONES ) Beri, M 835 110 EUCLID AVENUE 


VINSON G KORNER 


One Fifty Euclid 


Booksellers 


A Stationers a 
Engravers 
Art Dealers 


#2 #2 Invitations and Programmes Executed in Correct Style 


Vitae Res CO. 


CLEVELAND’S LARGEST EXCLUSIVE 
PING EAIBORING -HOUSES i026 cts yi 


224-226 DETROIT ST. 


Nothing adds so much to a man’s appearance as to be properly clothed. Our 


large patronage gives us the experience and insures the acme of style and fit. 


The Kilby Manufacturing Co. 


Office and Works, Lake St. cor. Kirtland 


CANE AND BEET SUGAR MACHINERY 
ROLLING MILL, WIRE AND NAIL MACHINERY 
AUTOMATIC ENGINES AND BOILERS 


AND ALL CLASSES OF HEAvyY MACHINERY AND Founpry WorkK 


New York Office, 220 Broadway GLEVELAND-O 


THE NAME RICHARDS on A SHIRT 


IS A GUAKANTEE OF SATISFACTION. 


SHIRTS, UNDERWEAK: (NICK TSHIRTS savin ie: 


BELL M3646 Jee. E. KIGHARD Sa 7-r Ose Be a 


HOME SECURITY CO 


INCORPORATED 


ESTABLISHED IN 1850 


JEWELERS AND 
MONEY LOANERS 


90 EucLip AVE. (Up stairs) 


THE STERLING 
SooOW DUCE CO 


CARPETS, RUGS, 
FLOOR ~CLOTHS 


Curtains, Shades and Upholstery Goods 


12 and 14 Euclid Ave CLEVELAND, O 


S IL, PIERCE W W CHAMBERLAIN A P PIERCE 


> LL PPE RG a eo) 


MAKERS OF 


Lapies’ MusskEs’ CHILDREN’S 
AND INFANTS’ SHOES 


CLEVELAND. OHIO 


We want to be taken 
seriously—it isn’t mere 
advertising—its business 
philosophy. We’re 
deeply in earnest. 

CLEVELAND WINDOW 


Guass Co. 
glass doors paints 
south of square 


COMPLIMENTS OF 


THe 
RR: Bs sBISGigaae 
COMPANY 


The Strong, Carlisle & 


Hammond Company 


SUPPLIES AND HAND TOOLs 
IRON AND, WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY 


61, 63, 65, 67 Frankfort Street, CLEVELAND. 


THE GILBERT HAND-BAG 


(Two Satchels in One) 
(Patented Jan. 30, 1900.) 


Economizes space. A 
great convenience. Ar- 
ticles in frequent use 
may be carried in one 
compartment, clothing 
and linen in the other. 
Itis a handsome travel- 
ing bag with a telescop- 
ing tray which is strap- 
ped in at the bottom of 
the satchel. It has the 
maximum capacity 
with the minimum size 
and weight. Made of 
the finest material. Re- 
tain their shape always. 
Cut shows our 


With telescope ‘ 
STYLE No. 4, $12.00, 
EXPRESS PREPAID. 

18 inches long, best smooth 

brown leather, brass trim- 

mings. Reinforced at all 
points. Will wear splen- 
didly. 

STYLE No. 2, $8.00. 
EXPRESS PREPAID. 
18 inch, brown and olive 
grain leather, enameled 
trimmings, linen and 

cloth lined, very neat. 

We will ship any bag C. 
O. D. with privilege of 
examination. ©Ask your 
dealer; or write us for 
FREE booklet showing 
many handsome styles. 

$2.25 to $22.00. 
THE GILBERT 

HAND-BAG COMPANY, 
10 Caxton Building, 

Cleveland, O. 


Telescope withdrawn 
for packing. 


THE AMSTUTZ-OSBORN CO. 


MECHANICAL 
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS joa attra ees 
And Manufacturers of LAW SCHOOL 
NEW MACHINES & PATENTED DEVICES OF 


PATENT DEPT. IN CHARGE OF BALDWIN UNIVERSITY 


F D AMMEN 


NEXT TERM OPENS 


GOLDSMITH SEPTEMBER 17, 1902. 
JOSEPH 
FEISS & CO. _ WILLIS VICKERY, 


Secretary. 


C i O Ag H f N GG WILLIAMSON BUILDING. 


CLEVELAND, O 


DEMAND FOR 


HE great demand for Piano Players has brought to light many 
mechanical devices for playing the piano, Strange to say only 
a few have proven practical. 


The Wilcox & White Angelus Orchestral 
(plays the piano with orchestral effects), and the 


FARRAND CECILIAN 


are worthy of a thorough investigation. In presenting these instru- 
ments to the public, we do so believing that we can prove to the 
satisfaction of musicians, expert mechanics, in fact, anyone, that we 
have the most durable, artistic and simplest instruments to operate 
now on the market. 

These Piano Players afford amusement, are great educators and 
entertainers. Can be attached to any piano and anyone can operate 


them. 
PRICE, $225.00, $250.00, $325.00. 


SEVERAL SLIGHTLY USED INSTRUMENTS, $175.00, $200.00. 


Theyre. Wamelink~@ Sons Piano Co, 276 SUPERIOR ST- 


The United Banking and Savings Company 


Pearl Cor. Lorain Sts 


CAPITAL STOCK, $ 250,000.00 
SURPLUS ie — 150,000.00 


Money Loaned on Interest Paid on 
Real Hstate Savings Accounts 


J8) BERKEY 
& DYKES | 


Private (business 
School! 


Pythian Temple opp. Y. M. C. A. 


IS A SCHOOL OF THE HIGHEST STANDARD 


Children are not admitted 


FULL BOOKKEEPING AND SHORTHAND COURSES 


- » DAY AND EVENING . . 


NO VACATIONS .. . 


tN Co LOVER: 


Manufacturer of 


UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS and CANES 


Our New Location—18 Sheriff Street—First store from Euclid Avenue 


Recovering and 
Repairing 


VISTTORS to the 
Fenton and Stair 
Art Gallery are 
always welcome.... 


Lennox Building, Euclid and Erie — 


R. C. DODD & COMPANY j/_4.. Dainz Electric 
Drawi ZZ Co 
rawing and ij, up 
Artists AS Pre ——se a 108 Prospect St. 


Materials General Contractors 
College Supplies | in Electrical 
a Construction 


Phones, Mdin 834. 
391 Bond Sta CLEVELAND Cuy.R1196 Repair work promptly attended to 


MERCHANTS’ Thousand Island 
MONTREAL pes. | 

Popular Steamers “CUBA” and 
LI NE «MELBOURNE’”’ 


The Thousand Islands ‘The River St 
Lawrence Welland Canal Niagara Falls 


Montreal 
With all their Points of Interest, 
may be seen Thoroughly, Cheap- \ X re 
ly and Quickly, with Comfort, ater Travel 


Rest and Pleasure by . 
LOCAL TICKET AGENCY 


BARTLETT & TINKER 


57 RIVER STREET 
MAIN. S22. CLEVELAND O 


KOCH G&G HENKE > 


CLEVELAND’S LARGEST FURNITURE 
AND CARPET HOUSE 


Why does our Furniture Selling gain friends daily? 
The reason is plain. PRICE ADVANTAGES—Reason it out yourself. Why 


can’t this store, with bigger sales than any exclusive house in town and 
one-quarter the expense, lead in price making? ‘The more you 


study that question the more furniture we sell. The 


more furniture we sell the lower we selli it. 


¢e fat 


100,000 Everything 
Feet for the 

of Hall, 

Floor Drawing 
Space Room, 
devoted Library, 
exclusively Reception 
to | Room, 
Furniture Dining Room 
and and 
Carpets. Bed Room. 


(e a 


We are the pioneers of selling High Grade Furniture at popular prices. A visit 
to our mammoth establishment will not only astonish you with its 
magnitude, but will be replete with pleasure and profit. 


KOCH G HENKE, 


702-704-706-708-710 LORAIN STREET, Cor. Jersey. 


10 minutes ride from Public Square. 


Telephones: West 245. Cuya. A 1387. 


MEN’S HATS AND FURNISHINGS 
ARE ALWAYS SEASONABLE ArT 


THE NEW CENTER HABERDASHERY 
RAPPRICH, ENGEL & CO. 352 Erie St., Rose Building 


‘MRS. EFFIE A. OLDS — 


Tailor Made Gowns 
and Evening Dresses 


Tel. Main 2716L 966-968 Rose Building CLEVELAND, O 


Sectional Book Cases 


Made in polished Oak and Mahogany; 
they have adjustable shelves and sliding 
doors. You can buy them as you need 


them. ‘They grow with your library.” 


Wir GeV EAN D DESK CO; 


97-99 ONTARIO STREET. 


Ice AYN AE AGUE 


BASE BALL SCHEDULE-—SEASON 1902 
CLEVELANDS AT HOME 


TG ENT 0h Bid 0h: nC Sone a Philadelphia FOV Clea Bi 8 Ge Pe eR VRE 7 ee Baltimore 
eC PL uae Gl op eee Se ae Washington ISTIC DOLE Rott eeeeek Gon cshwas ganiide peer sam Boston 
Mera By DO iar. ase tatans vr cadse dope St. Louis SS TLOT ETI tes ae ti Caws go oyna sent Baltimore 
DRO fete ei aa UE Bic eaeic py OREN MOPED a Chicago STEM DEE) 22 On. aehiddesysn nny vet's Philadelphia 
PTV REL OL San ea, Coes dahl seal terky oni oko Detroit Sepleniber GLU il iar 6. 48 re meatte Chicago 
TRE eas Me oe tt ath xths AF och a Lea ciao ce 46 Boston PEDO per latet Lose nv aera gek falas St. Louis 
LIES ths Saat oa pa na nasis 34 cSute i Washington OULCIR DEE cays aey) abies sree see ye cays hace Detroit 
PUTTS TIS ete a Ue als Cie litcins binds Nase Philadelphia 


*Saturday Games. 


GROUNDS—DUNHAM AND LEXINGTON AVES. 


TREC ERUST: COMPARE 


ESTABLISHED IN 1850 
S34 57DU PER IORAS Fore nciiiennins 


GENERAL BANKING DEPARTMENT 
SAVINGS BARK DEER RA iit 
TV R-UL Sel Soci Pes his lenin en 
SAFETY “DE Sie aor ceeees 


We pay 4% interest on Savings Accounts and 2% on Commercial 
Accounts of $500.00 or more. 


Safety Deposit Boxes for rent $3.00 per year upwards. 


Ohio Spring Bed Co. | 


WASON AND HAMILTON STS., ) va 
SOLE MANUFACTURERS WANT 
QUALITY 
BUCKEYE LINE CLEANLINESS 
HIGH GRADE | SERVICE 
SPRING BEDS | aise 


| 
| 
| THe J. NUSSDORFER 


FITTING ALL STYLES BEDSTEADS. 
STANDARD BakinG Co. 


110-116 ERIE STREET. 


HERCULES STYLE 
SUITS ALL. 


Our Booklet explains why the BLicKENSDERFER 
TYPEWRITER is high grade—the machine proves it. 


Tue BLICKENSDERFER MFG. CO. 


1 Lhe Arcade CLEVELAND, OHIO 
PROTECT YOUR IDEAS 
Consultation Free Contingent Fees 
MILO B. STEVENS & CO., Attorneys 
231 The Arcade, CLEVELAND 
Established 1864 Main Office at Washington 
* 
tae ATLAS BOLE Pe REE eA AS HeAR 
AND SCREW CO. oh Dace G.1e@: 
: The Atlas Bolt & 
MANUFACTURERS OF Screw Co., Proprs. 
STOVE BOLTS, TIRE BOLTS, She een ar” ie 
DRYER CARS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, 
Machine Screws, Sink Bolts, Transfer Cars, Turntables, Cars for Rolling Mills, 
Mines, Factories and Plantations. 
STOVE RODS, 
Steel Trucks for Warehouses, Steel Wheelbarrows. 


Rivets, Cold Pressed Nuts, Special Bolts Trolleys and Overhead Track Work, 


- FORGINGS 


Pressed Wrought [ron Turnbuckles 


Complete Equipment for Industrial Railroads. 


Chapman Jack Screws 


CLEVELAND CITY FORGE & IRON CO. 


CLEVELAND, : OHIO 


W. B. McALLISTER 
BUILDER 


MANUFACTURER OF 


INTERIOR DECORATIONS 
INSEINE «\WOODS Me yiea 
20-24 NEWTON STREET 


TELEPHONE E 207 
Cuy. R 1140 


AP = ORR ae a WAG ices : 
THE SMITH ALE TSA 
WaCDB AGO: Ol SS L@iia 


Se Which proved its 


merit last year is 
PLUMBING now offered to the 
Sede irs AND---.- > trade... 6 ee 
: If your dealer does 
M1 se A | | N G not handle it, apply 
to nearest agency of 


thes oS Ve ee 


a 
ee EE ee 


404 & 406 ERIE STREET 


TeLernone MAIN 1860 STANDARD OLS Gey 


> CeoMIT Hes CO 


IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS 


levels) 
OOP aM eh) eh 
SPIGES 


ETC 
NOGOODS SOLD AL RE TALL 


EVERY ARTICLE. BEARING 
OUR NAME IS GUARANTEED 


Ask your Grocer for our High Grade Coffees 


Choicest Spices, Cream Tartar and Mustard 


MILLS 
27 FRANKFORT ST 


SALESROOMS 


192-194-196 BANK ST 
CLUE VELANDLOHIO 


HENRY H HEWITT 
PHILO D HUDSON 


FRANCIS WIDLAR 
ARTHUR L SOMERS 


F WIDLAR & CO 


SUCCESSORS TO 
STEPHENS & WIDLAR 


IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS 


TEAS 
COREEES 
SPICES 


AN 


168 ano 170 ST. CLAIR STREET 


“THE GEO H BOWMAN CO 


Importers 


WHOLESALE and RETAIL 


CROCKERY 
OLASS WARE 


LAMP GOODS 


AN 


16-18 and 20 Euclid Ave 


CLEVELAND O 


Carpets and Rugs cleaned 
by compressed air 


Carpets taken up, re-made and re-laid by 
experienced men 


’Phones—Bell East 110 Cuy R 561 
The Fuller Carpet Cleaning & Rug Mfg. Co 


291-293 Quincy Street 
Cleveland 


JORN H DREMANN, Prop 


THE EXCELLENCE 
oF 
THE SERVICE 
OF 
THE CLEVELAND 
ELECTRIC RAILWAY COMPANY 
1s 
OFTEN THE SUBJECT 
OF 


COMMENT. 


FOR SALE AT 
REEALTLT DEPARTMENT 
2954 PrRosPprEcr STREET 


Y. M. C. A. BUILDING 


